Questions of development and deployment in activity of local governments of quality management system in the field of ensuring fire safety are considered. Purposes of creation of SMQ (Quality Management System), and also consumers of services of local governments services and interested parties are defined. The sequence of actions for the creation of quality management system in the field of ensuring fire safety with a concretization of the planned actions, the expected result and responsibility of performers is presented. Responsibility and obligations of the management in quality are established. Long-term goals are formulated and possible measurable indicators of their achievement are offered. Specifics of activity of local government are reflected in studying of questions of management of documents and records on quality with allocation of their identifying signs. Ways of obtaining objective information on satisfaction of consumers are investigated. Forms of exchange of information taking into account productive functioning of SMK are defined. Questions of competence of staff of local governments and criteria of quality of the rendered administrative services are considered. The main methods and tools used for the organization of management of activity of local governments, and also the most significant criteria of an assessment of productivity of quality management system are defined. On the basis of the analysis of standard processes according to the provisions IWA 4:2009 the process model of quality management system of local governments of municipality in the field of ensuring fire safety with allocation of processes of the management, the main and auxiliary processes is developed.

In this paper the main attention is paid to a problem of increase of efficiency of fire extinguishing mechanisms with using sprayed water, in particular, to studying of extinguishment times of burning of the model forest fire with use of a fine droplet flow. The optimum sizes of sprayed water droplets, quantity of nozzles and their relative positioning which are required for the effective fire extinguishing are revealed with use of high-speed video registration equipment and panoramic optical methods. The reasons of emergence of the turning phenomenon of sprayed water droplets at extinguishment of ignitions are analyzed. The minimum extinguishment times of burning are defined. Comparison of researches results of single water droplets evaporation processes in the conditions of field tests (with use of model fire group) and when carrying out similar experiments in laboratory was executed. Rather satisfactory compliance of experimental data on liquid evaporation rates is revealed. It is established that systematic errors of measurement of the water droplet sizes were no more than 0.03 mm, random - no more than 5.9 %. The maximum measurement error of extinguishment times didn't exceed 1 sec.

The paper presents the results of experimental and theoretical studies of bendable concrete structures reinforced with post-tensioning tendons placed into steel ducts, and regular unstressed rebars. The behavior of concrete beam prototypes under standard temperature regimes was investigated. The actual limits of fire resistance of these prototypes for the loss of bearing capacity of the structure were determined. On the basis of experimental data, it is shown that concrete structures reinforced with post-tensioning tendons placed into steel ducts, which provide traction reinforcement with concrete, have sufficiently high fire resistance limits. This behavior can be explained by tendon placement on structure cross-section, which provides sufficient protective layers of concrete on the lower (stretched) zone, as well as endurance of post-stressed structures in stress-strain state, which excludes or minimizes development of cracks in the tension zone. The experimental and analytical studies confirm the assumption that the calculation of the fire resistance of bendable post-tensioned concrete structures can be performed as for conventional ones, without taking into account pre-stress in the reinforcement, provided the limit state is formed at mid-span of the beam due to formation of a plastic hinge.

The knowledge of a temperature field in volume of a premise is necessary at the analysis and researches of parameters of a microclimate, dynamics of a temperature mode of a fire, a condition of technological thermal process, etc. There are various methods of definition of a spatial temperature field of the gas environment in a premise. The most effective method is the method in which as gauges the thin plates possessing constructive simplicity are used. Thus the assumption is done, that the temperature of a surface of the gauges placed in control points is practically equal to temperature of the gas environment these points. The temperature of a surface of gauges is measured nonconductor with the help of a pyrometer. The offered assumption proves to be true mathematical model of heating of a thin plate in the gas environment of the set temperature. The equation of heating of a plate is received, and on the basis of this equation it is possible to define borders of an error of the measured temperature in control points. The value of this error depends on thickness of the gauge: the less thickness, the less value of an error, which can be taken temperature in control points fastly and more precisely.

In solving problems of fire safety, it is often necessary to perform a series of calculations with different initial conditions: space-planning decisions, the parameters of operation of fire protection systems, and others. In such cases using FDS becomes difficult because each calculation requires significant time and computing resources. To solve this problem we have developed a program - FIM (Fire Integral (one-zone) Model). FIM implements calculation of the dynamics of fire hazards by using a one-zone integral model, using the input file format of FDS. If the building topology corresponds to the definition of the integral model, the FIM significantly speeds estimation, before launching into a lengthy calculation FDS. There is no need to create a new model of the building in any other format: the program reads the source FDS file, calculates the dynamics of the fire hazards and generates output files similar to FDS, which can be analyzed in programs like Smokeview, FireRisk and others. Limitations of FIM 1.0: • sealed room (no openings) are ignored in the calculation; • the material of walls is the concrete; • in ventilation ignored the task of certain types of gas (MASSFRACTION - mass fraction of the incoming gases); • ignored job control facilities (open/closed, on/off); • ignored the ventilation systems HVAC; • ignored complex parameters of combustion (the ignition of surfaces from high temperature, the effect of fire extinguishing systems, etc.). Output data are only the sensors and slices, measuring the following parameters: temperature, visibility, concentration of oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride. Other output data set in the file FDS is ignored.

There was high intensive forest fire with large throw out radioactive aerosole with ascend smoke to 2 km of height. Primary the wind was to Belarus, Vilnus, Warshava. They get not small amounts of radioactive particles of stroncium-20 and others radioactive, long-live dangerous, radioactive elements. As a result this forest fire-fighting operation showed very clean that Ukraine government have poor possibilities and don't control the forest - fires at Chernobyl area. It's very dangerous for Belarus, Poland, Slovakia, Latvia, Estonia, Litva, Finland and etc. Because it's great European countries problem and must to solve it include the new technology. Any negotiations with Ukraine Government are poor-effective, because it Government can't ensure fire safety of radiocative forest in Chernobyl area. There is real, great dangerous of radioactive aerosol and smoke intensive generate by large forest fires at Chernobyl zone. The radioactive clouds spreading all over East-Nord Europe from great forest fires in Chernobyl zone. It's not effective environmental monitoring only - there need new technology for fast, precisely forest fire-fighting timely - to stop radioactive clouds go to Europe regular spring and autumn annually, timely. Theoretical and experimental studies, conducted by author, have allowed the radioactive smoke of the wildfire flame to be determined. The pyrolysis zones and the zones containing the pyrolysis products and oxygen were found to be the most unstable during combustion of natural high-molecular compounds such as needle litter, herbage, and timber. In this case, if these zones are subjected to the shock waves, then they will be destroyed and the process of combustion will stop. At the same time the theoretical and experimental studies have shown that the shoot spray lead to an increase in pressure in the unstable zones during interaction with these zones, which increases the efficiency of extinguishing a fire. This approach directed to the destruction of unstable zones allows the new technical methods and devices to be created for providing the safety of fireman-operators, the environmental safety through conservation of natural resources, and the high efficiency. Similar requirements are met by blasting methods: combined method of localization and suppression of ground forest and steppe fires; line charge for localization and suppression of fires, as well as a disintegrator of a ground forest fire front, technical description and characteristics which are presented in this paper.

Operating experience of water tenders was showen that water freezing in tank branch pipes is possible at low temperatures. Therefore it is necessary to provide the demanded temperature conditions for ensuring reliability and operability of fire engines. The analysis of various ways of water protection against freezing in branch pipes revealed that heating of water foam communications by the flexible electric heating elements powered from an in vehicle network of the engine along with the using of thermal insulating materials is optimized. To evaluate the efficiency of such elements we chose a metal reservoir with the diameter close to the delivery pipe from the tank to the pump and placed temperature control thermocouple inside it. The experiment consisted of three stages: without any protection, with the use of thermal insulating material and with the complex protection containing both heating element and thermal insulating material. The reservoir was filled with 16 °C temperature water and then placed outside at temperature -22 °C. The temperature values were controlled by digital multimeter and thermocouple connected to it. The results of measurements showed that without thermal protection water freezing starts in 160 minutes, with thermal insulation it starts in 220 minutes, and with the complex protection - in 477 minutes. Thus, it is possible to apply both ways of protection. The thermal insulation can be constantly used, and heating process can be applied at considerable decreasing of air temperature.

Process of fire extinguishing effect of reaction inhibitors during suppression of a flame of combustible liquids is considered. The original methodology of research of a flame extinguishing process, during which was used freon, is presented. Experimental investigations of flame extinguishing process by means of measurement of the extinguishing time and the specific consumption of freon supplied onto the burning liquid surface are conducted. On the basis of experimental data dependences of the extinguishing time and the specific consumption of freon on the flow rate of sprayed stream are presented. As combustible liquids it was used: я-heptane, diesel fuel and ethanol which were extinguished by dibromotetrafluoroethane - the 114B2 freon with rather high boiling point (about 60 °C). Experiments were carried out in two modes of dispersion of a liquid chladone stream which were characterized by an average diameter of drops about 80 and 20 urn respectively. It is shown that increase of dispersion degree of a freon stream from 80 to 20 |im led to a sharp increase of fire extinguishing ability which resulted in decrease of the critical intensity in 2 times, and the specific consumption during extinguishing of heptane and diesel fuel flames in 3-4 times. The overall pattern of extinguishing of diesel fuel, heptane and ethanol, using freon 114B2, which is expressed in presence of extreme dependence of the freon specific consumption on the flow rate of extinguishing compound stream, that is connected with appearance of the contributing factor when oxygen is carried away by the stream of dispersed liquid, is determined.