The numerical model and methodology of experimental researches of heat and mass transfer during the heating, boiling and evaporation of heterogeneous water droplet in a high-temperature area are presented in the work. The results of numerical and experimental researches of evaporation of water droplet with a solid graphite inclusion in a flaming combustion area are introduced. The conditions of an "explosive" vaporization mode realization in a contact zone of solid inclusion and liquid film (temperature of gaseous area is Tf > 1050 K and water film thickness is 5R > 0.210^-3 m) are determined. The main stages of studying process are fixed on video: the droplet heat-up, the beginning of bubble formation of vapor at the interface solid inclusion - liquid, the volume increase of vapor bubble, the droplet fission. The influence of optical water characteristic (absorption coefficient of radiant energy k_x )onthe typical period t_h from the beginning of heterogeneous liquid droplet heating to the realization of an "explosive" vaporization conditions is analyzed. It is shown that for droplets with liquid film size SR ~ 0.510³ m the change of the absorption coefficient of radiant energy in a wide range =10^-3^10² m^-1 doesn't influence on t_h significantly. The application possibility of water unprepared (in the case of optical properties) in a special way (for example from open ponds at forest fire extinguishing) for extinguishing composition is substantiated, provided accounting of the absorption coefficient of the liquid in the process of selecting the characteristic sizes of the generated droplets.

QSPR research in the number of nitroacetates is carried out. It is shown that at the boiling point these compounds exist in mix the keto form and one of the enol forms. There are all three tautomers at flash point in a vapor phase: °\ /\ O °\ /\ o °\ ^ o o^/ o₀^/ OH HO o It is established that prediction of the boiling and flash points for one of tautomer forms gives unacceptable results. Boiling and flash points of the keto and enol tautomers of nitroacetic esters and isomeric mixtures was calculated by ACD/Lab 2014 and TEST programs. It was found that flash points of nitroesters can be predicted up to 1-4 degrees using the method of the carbon chain. Empirical equations FP = -0,0833x³ + 1,75x²-4,5238x + 361,57 (where x is number of carbon atoms in a molecule) has proposed for the convenience using of this method.

Binary mixed solvents based on propanol-1 and butanol-1 alcohols were investigated. As a second component of binary solvent polar organic liquids (acetic acid, heptanol, nitrobenzene) and nonpolar (triethanolamine) and 5 % solution of surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulphate) were investigated. The optimum content of the second component in the mixed solvent was 8 %. The greatest effect in increasing the flash point is achieved using acetic acid and heptyl alcohol. When using acetic acid, the temperature raising effect flashes propyl and butyl alcohol was 18,6 and 21,3 %, respectively. This is due to the polarity of the molecules and the ability to form intermolecular hydrogen bonds with the molecules of propanol and butanol. Addition of a 5 % solution of sodium dodecylsulfate resulted in increase of point flash butanol-1 and propanol-1 on 12,2 and 12,5 %. Analysis of experiments with triethanolamine was proved the influence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds on the flash point for polar liquids. The use of mixed solvents allows to reduce fire danger.

Some levels of hierarchy of the subsystems forming urban environment which provide realization of human needs and requirements of the state economy in effective development of natural riches and labor resources are specified. Classification of premises and groups of premises, functionally related depending on a way of their use in a daily cycle of exploitation of multipurpose architectural-planning complex with relation to the movement of pedestrian flows is presented. Analysis of the movement dynamics of pedestrian flows directed inside and outside of various types of buildings is given. Regularities of temporary dynamics of attendance of objects of various categories of enterprises by urban population are revealed.

Theoretical and experimental studies, conducted at Tomsk State University, have allowed to determine the structure of the wildfire flame. The pyrolysis zones and the zones containing the pyrolysis products and oxygen were found to be the most unstable during combustion of natural high-molecular compounds such as needle litter, herbage, and timber. In this case, if these zones are subjected to the shock waves, then they will be destroyed and the process of combustion will stop. At the same time, the theoretical and experimental studies have shown that the shock waves lead to an increase in pressure in the unstable zones during interaction with these zones, which increases the efficiency of extinguishing a fire. This approach directed to the destruction of unstable zones allows to create the new technical methods and devices for providing the safety of fireman-operators, the environmental safety through conservation of natural resources, and the high efficiency. Similar requirements are met by blasting methods: combined method of localization and suppression of ground forest and steppe fires; line charge for localization and suppression of fires, as well as a disintegrator of a ground forest fire front, technical description and characteristics which are presented in this paper.

There are investigated the dates of zero speed, maximal range and area of extinguishing influence of the fronts of gas-powder whirly and gas-water squall, created with jet's configuration pulse pulverize and spray out of barrels by shoot and volley. There are proposed the mechanisms of flight and air-destroy of gas-dispersive fronts of whirly and squall. There are showed optimal diapason of maximal values of range and area of: uniform and fragmentary powder's pulverization or water's spray and extinguishing for definitude calibers and long of barrels. There are showed most perspective way of increase range and area of uniform extinguishing - volley spray. It regime showed optimal diapason of maximal values of range and area despite of amount of barrels in the volley. There are proposed same way of improvement traditional fire-hoses by creation and experimental investigation of new unit, made of two and over hoses, closely and parallel mounted, for joint intermediation of neighbored jets.