The comparative analysis of methods of Dorofeev, RD 03-409-01 and BST2 is made on an example of the settlement contingency situation of vapor cloud explosion of500 kg jet fuel. Values of radius of destructions of the 1st class on methods RD 03-409-01 and Dorofeev coincide and practically do not depend on an explosion mode. The BST2-technique yields values of radius R for this class of a zone of destructions on 10-54 % less, than methods RD 03-409-01 and Dorofeev. Satisfactory coincidence of forecasts R only on method BST2 at Mf = 1,6 and by technique RD 03-409-01 for a detonation mode is marked for destructions of the 2nd class. For the same mode, the Dorofeev's approach yields overestimated forecasts R for classes of zones of destruction 2-5 in comparison with techniques BST2 and RD 03-409-01, including the TNT-method. In a case deflagration received on the BST2 values R for 2-5 classes of zones of destruction are less than explosions in comparison with approaches RD 03-409-01 and Dorofeev. Verification of these methods is executed on an instance of vapor explosion of a solvent, which has occurred on November 22^nd, 2006 at the CAI factory in Danvers, Massachusetts. The approach of methods of Dorofeev and RD 03-409-01 yields the satisfactory forecast of radiuses of bands of fracture at the known flame speed.

According to requirements of aviation norms depending on functional purpose of material, samples at carrying out tests for combustibility are exhibited at vertical orientation by burner flame within 12 or 60 seconds. Often there is need of performance of qualification tests at both modes of exposure. For the purpose of reduction of volume of tests foreign researchers have makes the decision that 60-second tests are more rigid and compliance to this requirement automatically means also implementation of the requirement for 12-second dough. Researches on influence of duration of exposure by flame was conducted at testing samples of polymeric materials and core panels on flammability characteristics (burn-out length, duration of residual independent burning) and the obtained data are analyzed. It is shown that at 60-second exposure test burn-out length always more than at 12-second. For thick materials (thickness more than 3 mm), as a rule, duration of residual independent burning at 60-second exposure are more than at 12-second. However, for thin materials (up to 1 mm thick) duration of residual independent burning at 12-second exposure are more than at the 60-second. Thus, materials corresponding to requirements of tests for panels of walls of passenger cabin may not satisfy to norms of fire safety for materials of auxiliary rooms and cabin of pilots. Therefore, for thin materials application of rule about absorption of results 12-second tests by 60-second is inadmissible.

Polymer and composite materials are increasingly used in technology as an alternative to metals. One of the key components of the composites is a polymeric binder, usually not having fire-resistant properties, there is a need to use the fire-protective coatings (FPC). However, the temperature of the coke formation known FPC quite high and does not provide reliable fire protection of polymers. The aim of this work is to study the possible implementation of the response of the ammonium polyphosphate (APF) with pentaerythrytol (PEr) at lower temperatures and to study process flow. It is established that the decrease in the temperature of the coke formation intumescent systems is possible by increasing the ratio APF:PEr = 4,2:1. Thus, volatile products form in the fields of foaming. The excess of the APF promotes thermal decomposition of carbon sources at a lower temperature (25-30 °C lower) and as a consequence the formation of foam coke observed at 60-65 °C lower than when the ratio APF:PEr = 3:1. Methods of XPS and IR spectroscopy characterized products of thermal decomposition of the samples when heated to 350 °C. It is shown that the main components of the products of thermal decomposition are P₂O₅, amorphous carbon, the products of incomplete degradation of phospho-organic polymer and presumably phosphorus oxinitride.

The efficiency and the possibility of the realization of the original architectural solutions are the reasons for the increased use of the glass in the construction area in nowadays. This particularly applies to the high-rise buildings and the buildings crowded with people. The low fire resistance is the main disadvantage of the translucent structures. In initial stage of fire it could lead to rapid destruction. The glass destruction forms large and small fragments that represents the great threat for people and the firefighters falling from high places. Besides the glass destruction assists in the rapid-fire spread. One way of improving the fire resistance of the translucent structures is to use the triplex. The triplex consists of two glasses, which are glued by the solid polymer films, but it was not proved experimentally. The result of the studies showed that the polymer films assist in the rapid-fire spread in building and along the facade systems particularly. Thermal decomposition of the films with the flame burning and the release of toxic products occurred under heating of the triplex. The surface temperature is higher than 350 °C. As a result the fire resistance (the structure collapse) of such structures is equal to 30 minutes (E30). Therefore, it is necessary to protect triplex from influence of high temperatures in case of increasing the fire resistance. An effective way of increasing the fire resistance of the triplex is water spray systems. As a results of the small and large scale fire tests it has been established that the fire resistance increased twice and the temperature decreased to 100-150 °C during water spray usage. The film saves the integrity during the time of fire tests (45 minutes). Thus the carried experiments showed that the water spray of the triplex lead to the increasing of the fire resistance from 3 to 45 minutes (EI45). The maximum effect could be achieved in case of steady water spray usage from the fire side.

The article provides some information about the creation of virtual simulator "Inspection of the fire scene" in the Ural State Fire Service Institute of Emercom of Russia. The simulator presented in the form of a fire scene of virtual reality makes it possible to overcome some objective limitations which do exist in the system of training and raising the level of specialists' skills in the field of fire investigation and expertise. The main advantage of the virtual simulator is the ability of creation of an indefinitely large database of real fires without the involvement of outside experts. The advantages of using avirtual simulator "Inspection of the fire" intheprocess oftraining specialists in the field of fire investigation is the high efficiency of formation of cadets and students of professional competence in the field of production and inspection of fire fixation of the results, the possibility of modeling different locations of fires, including the combustion zone, smoke and the surrounding area, creating different places depending on the fires generated trace picture of the visual signs of thermal effects on the building envelope, to the extent that the competence of cadets, students and trainees. Virtual simulator allows you to combine individual and group forms of education, as well as used in the organization of self-study. The concept of this training simulator eliminates the possibility of the teacher to intervene in the formation of trace pattern fire places.

Main attention in the real paper is given to problems of examination modern treatment by supplied of the extinguishing liquid compositions in fire areas, in particular, the effectiveness improvement problem of the methods and fire extinguishment mechanisms by using of liquid flows. Modern atomization technologies of the extinguishing liquid compositions were separated. Main promising atomization technologies of the extinguishing liquid compositions were analyzed. The analysis of theoretical and experimental researches was carried out in the field of droplets evaporation liquid compositions in the flames. It was showed that over feeding of the extinguishing liquid during a long time interval will allow to put out of eliminate the ignition, however, it will cause a strong flow of the it is inappropriate. It was found that not only composition and mass of the extinguishing liquid are important, but concentration of droplets in the gas-droplet flow, its sizes, distance between them its and other analysed factors.

It is shown that the key to effective suppression of water is the ability of an aqueous solution to wet and spread over the surface of the burning products. Introduction of the aqueous solution of surfactant - wetting agent is making it hydrophobic and thereby enhances its wetting ability. The parameters of the wetting of the hydrophobic fabric with aqueous solutions of sodium lauryl sulfate are presented. There are made assumptions about the dependence of the average thickness of the wetting layer on a solid surface on the intensity of the water supply. The characteristic points on curves of capillary pressure on the concentration are established, such as the concentration of inversion of wetting and maximum capillary pressure hydrophobic fabric.