Introduction. The emergence of a fire and explosion situation at the enterprise is due to the peculiarities of the physicochemical properties of the circulating substances, materials and products. To reduce the fire hazard of processes associated with the circulation of liquid hydrocarbons, a technique has been developed to control fire-hazardous processes under conditions of stabilization of carbon nanostructures. Results and discussion. It has been established that with the introduction of carbon nanostructures (CNS) under the conditions of electrophysical influence, the surface tension coefficient increases by 10-30 %. This effect is associated with an increase in the strength of the van der Waals interaction between agglomerates of nanostructures. A decrease in the intensity of evaporation of modified liquid hydrocarbons from the open surface by 20-40 % under the influence of an alternating electric field was observed, which is caused by the preservation of the parameters of the CNS in the medium of liquid hydrocarbons. According to the results of the study of the electrophysical properties of nanofluids obtained under conditions of stabilization of CNS, it was found that the dielectric constant decreases by 20-30 %, which is caused by a decrease in the number of free charges in liquid hydrocarbons during polarization of CNS. The values of the growth time of the values of specific volume electrical resistance increase by 10-20 %, and the values of the electric field strength during homogenization decrease on average by 20 % in comparison with nanofluids that are not subjected to electrophysical effects. The results of the study of the topology of agglomerations of the CNS in nanofluids under stabilization conditions reflect a decrease in the growth of agglomerations of nanostructures by an average of 40 %, which indicates that the distances between nanoparticles remain unchanged compared to nanofluids prepared without additional methods for stabilizing the CNS. Conclusion. Physical and technological principles of control of fire-hazardous processes based on the mechanism of stabilizing the parameters of the CNS under the influence of an alternating electric field are formulated. Based on the physico-technological principles, a method for controlling fire-hazardous processes when handling liquid hydrocarbons using nanocomponent additives and further stabilizing CNS containing multi-layered carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) has been developed, which allows reducing the intensity of vaporization and electrification processes when handling liquid hydrocarbons to quickly prevent manifestations possible fire and explosion situations in the process.

Introduction. This chapter considers the actuality importance of operational management of fire safety (FS) at facilities of the fuel and energy complex. The tools of strategic planning are proposed to assess of efficiency of the operational management of FS. The monitoring and analysis of volume of information are carried out by a decision maker (DM) using automated system of fire and explosion protection (ASFEP) is a part automated control system of technological process. The purpose of this article is described. It is the formation of system approaches to the analysis of changes in the efficiency of management of FS at facilities of the fuel and energy complex. To achieve this goal, mathematical modeling and analysis of the results are carried out. Methodology. The construction of model for assessing the quality of decision-making by DM on the management of FS is considered. The scheme of process of operational management is presented in the form of two-dimensional network structure. Parameters of management of FS (operands and condition) are reserved for this structure. So there are certain restrictions. Then type of dependence of number of the administrative apparatus on number of parameters of manual control is taken into account. The author describes the reasons for the deviations of decisions from the optimal. Such deviations are consequence of the decrease in the efficiency of FS management. The function of an efficiency index of the operational management of FS is entered for assessment of this decrease. Results. There is dependence of the work on the regulation procedures to ensure FS at facilities of the fuel and energy complex and of the value of an efficiency index of management. This dependence is justified. This dependence is illustrated in the form of curves. The equation of the generalized parameter of FS management is entered. Сorrelation of the value of an efficiency index and generalized parameter is determined the character of received curves. Conclusion. In summary it can be concluded that the personnel on duty shifts should correspond to the number of parameters of manual control, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the organization of FS management.

The article examines the demographic indicators of China in the period from 1951-2017. A number of tasks was formed: carrying out full-scale observations of the parameters of the movement of gynecological patients, statistical processing of the data obtained and comparative analysis with these parameters of the movement of our compatriots. A visual method of field observations of the parameters of the movement of patients of the gynecological department of the polyclinic of the Harbin University of Technology in China is described. Statistical processing of the motion parameters obtained as a result of field observations was carried out. Based on the results of statistical processing of field observations, the rate of free movement of patients was established. When differentiating the obtained statistical data of the parameters of free movement of patients, such classifications as gender, age and professional affiliation were adopted. According to the obtained values of the average speed of free movement of patients, a comparative analysis was carried out with the data of studies conducted in the territory of Russia. As a result of the research, the conclusion was made that the rate of free movement of gynecological patients in China exceeded the corresponding indicators of our compatriots.

Introduction. For the sake of early detection of potential combustion it’s expedient to apply methods, which utilize the analysis of curvature within indirect physical parameters of the area, such as aerosol and gaseous combustion products, represented by aero dispersion systems. Problem formulation. Aero dispersion system can never be sustainable, reason being there are air mass transfer in progress, dispersion and condensation processes, vortex flows occur, particle coagulation takes place, sedimentation under the weight of gravity, evaporation and etc. Materials and methods. Electric induction method of monitoring the parameters of aero dispersion systems implemented in the IP 216-M5 detector, allow for continuous analysis of changes within a wide spectrum of aerosol particles and possess higher sensitivity comparing to other sensor types. The choice of materials was based on the fact, that insulation of electrotechnical materials may be subject to overheat because the increase in the electrical load current flowing within cable products through the conductors due to the emergency state of electrical equipment. Equipment used and appliances. The heating temperature was controlled using a multimeter with a thermocouple, in the temperature-measuring mode in increments of one degree. The electrostatic induction fire detector IP 216-M5, fixes the beginning of the process of thermal decomposition. The decomposition temperature of the test material is determined by the data of a thermocouple, the sensitive element of which is in contact with the heated surface of the solder bath. Conclusion. It was experimentally proved that the electrostatic induction method for controlling aerosol systems makes it possible to detect aerosol products of thermal decomposition in different materials with their lower concentration of less than 0.1 mg/m³ 10-20 minutes before ignition of the insulation within an electric cable. The relationship between the auto-ignition temperature and the initial temperature of the thermal decomposition of the insulating sheath of electrical cables has been proven - this temperature gap is 200 °C.

Introduction. At the present stage for carrying out expeditious monitoring of linear objects of the oil and gas industry use the free aircrafts. The purpose of work is development of a technique of use of free aircrafts for ensuring fire safety of oil and gas pipelines and also justification of a role and the place of use of these devices in the system of ensuring fire safety of linear objects of the oil and gas industry existing and enshrined in normative documents. Materials and methods. Accidents on oil and gas transport objects, often, are followed by significant material damage. As showed researches, free aircrafts are applicable for ensuring control over fire-dangerous areas, carrying out search works, investigation on major fire in regions of the country and also for obtaining operational information in crisis situations. Theoretical basis. The main task in the field of fire safety when carrying out monitoring from the free aircraft is fixing of open burning near the pipeline. It can arise in the following conditions: fell fires, burning of the vegetable spreading surface, the local center of burning of hydrocarbons before overflowing in global emergency situation. In the listed cases the efficiency of obtaining information on burning increases fire safety due to conducting prompt actions on fire elimination. Thereby the requirement of Paragraph 1 of Article 50 FZ-123 providing an exception of conditions of emergence of the fire due to prevention of entering into the combustible environment of sources of ignition is fulfilled. Results and discussion. Free aircrafts are actively used for monitoring of fire and industrial safety of linear objects of the oil and gas industry. However in the long term they need modernization taking into account the requirements and tasks facing the organizations operating the pipeline with the maximum automation of process. Conclusion. The analysis of the regulatory documentation showed that the use of a drone to ensure the fire safety objectives of the linear objects of the oil and gas industry is permissible when they perform the tasks of identifying the ignition source at an early stage before it is introduced into the combustible environment.

Various methods for determining the intensity of irrigation, in particular, the approximate (approximate) - according to the passport data of the coefficient of productivity, correct-according to the diagrams of irrigation intensity of the sprinkler, reliable - according to the graphs of irrigation intensity and adequate - according to the irrigation diagrams of the sprinkler. The simplest and most common method is the approximate method, which is used in the absence of plots and graphic dependencies, and the most accurate - a reliable way. Quite satisfactory results are presented by the correct method, which is quite simple when calculating the parameters of the dictating sprinkler. The most difficult way seems adequate.

The main causes of fires during the heating season are indicated. Regulatory documents regulating the procedure for conducting fire prevention in the winter period are considered. The features of safe operation of furnace heating and electric heating appliances are noted. There are presented specific measures for the prevention and technical maintenance of fire protection systems and process equipment.