FORECASTING OF DAMAGE FROM POSSIBLE EMERGENCIES, GIVEN THE FIRE IN THE MAIN BUILDING THERMAL POWER PLANTS

The most characteristic examples of accidents with the fires in the main buildings of thermal power plants (the fires at Reftinsky and Uglegorsk power plants) are presented. Reasons and consequences of these accidents are considered. It is established that potentially high fire danger in the main buildings is caused availability of oil under pressure in lubrication systems and regulations of turbine units, hydrogen in the cooling system, and at the coal power plants, availability of dust-air mix in systems of fuel feeding and a dust preparing. There are noted the main types of damage (loss) considered at accidents on the generating objects of power such as: direct expenses; the missed benefit; losses from deterioration of technological parameters at input of reserve capacities; losses at the consumer because of short-reception of the electric power; ecological and social damage. The main attention is paid to an assessment of irrevocable losses of means of production and costs of rescue and recovery operations - the main components of a direct loss. In some cases this type of damage can be defining. There are analyzed more than hundred accidents with the fires in engine rooms of the main buildings of thermal power plants and their consequences, including about seventy accidents at condensation stations. Dependence between the amount of losses and layout solutions of the main buildings of thermal power plant is defined. It is shown that with increase in number of the power units based in one building the damage increases. The probability and damage rate of the equipment, construction designs of each power unit in the zone captured by the fire depending on distance to epicenter are defined. Losses were estimated on the basis of actual data with attraction of expert estimates of experts. The technique for an assessment of irrevocable losses of means of production and costs of rescue and recovery operations at potential accidents is proposed. Expenses on elimination (localization) and investigation of accident are estimated according to requirements of the existing leading standard documentation. In the conclusion it is recommended to consider possible accidents and the corresponding damage in the course of development of the project of thermal power plant and a technical and economic assessment of alternative layout solutions of the main buildings.

ТЭС, главные корпуса, аварии, пожар, прямой ущерб, компоновочные решения, оценка возможных ущербов, оптимизация компоновки, thermal power plant, main building, accidents, fire, direct loss, layout decisions, estimates of damages, configuration optimization

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