FEATURES OF THE FIRE PROTECTION TRANSPARENT CONSTRUCTIONS WITH WATER IRRIGATION

Major fires, that occurred in the UAE this year, revealed the incapability of existing systems to prevent the spread of fire on the facade of the building. Thus, the main aim to prevent the spread of fire is the location of the fire inside the building and prevention of fire spreading outside the building through the translucent constructions. The most difficult task, solving this problem, is to confirm the necessity of sufficient fire resistance of the translucent constructions, which do not allow spread the fire outside and spread through the building. The existing methods of high-rise building assessment do not fully reveal the actual fire resistance state. One of the factors that may reduce the fire resistance of translucent constructions is water spraying, if the system is incorrectly installed. At the present time, there is no data on the effect of water spraying on the fire resistance of translucent constructions with fire-resistant filling and not enough information on the reaction of constructions with laminated glass. In this regard, in order to determine the influence of water spraying on the fire resistance of fire-resistant glass, we have conducted fire testing of the samples of translucent constructions on large-scale setup, which consisted of two stages. At the first stage, the samples of TC without water spraying were tested, and at the second stage, the samples of TC with water spraying on the unheated side. Conducted large-scale fire testing of the fire-resistant glass showed, that the presence of water spraying on the unheated surface leads to the glass cracking, to the violation of the mechanism of dehydration and foaming of the fire retardant gel and its water washout. Ultimately, all this contributes to premature destruction of the fire-resistant glass. Laminated glass testing revealed that water spraying of the unheated side does not significantly increases the fire resistance of laminated glass “3-1-3”, it was only 9 minutes in standard fire temperature conditions. The greatest efficiency was shown by water spraying the heated surface of the laminated glass. In this case, the water spraying prevents the heating and melting of the protection layer and helps to preserve the integrity of the sample. Another necessary condition is to ensure even water spraying the entire heated surface of laminated glass. Thus, the conducted tests allow make following conclusions. 1) water spraying the unheated side of the fire-resistant glass with a water soluble fire retardant gel can cause loss of fire resistance and premature destruction of translucent constructions; 2) water spraying the unheated side of the laminated glass model of “3-1-3” does not significantly increase the fire resistance of the TC, due to inadequate protection for lamination from warming up and melting; 3) the most effective way to improve the fire resistance of TC is continuous and even water spraying the heated side of the laminated glass. In this case, the melting of the polymer film is excluded. The use of the obtained results of this research in practice will improve the fire safety of buildings with translucent designs.

пожароустойчивость, светопрозрачные конструкции, водяное орошение, огнестойкое стекло, триплекс, высотные здания, крупномасштабные испытания, fire resistance, translucent constructions, water spraying, fire-resistant glass, laminated glass, high-rise buildings, large-scale fire testing

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