Design of control circuits in fire and rescue units during the elimination of fires in buildings with ventilated facade systems

Introduction. The paper addresses the poorly structured problem of fire and rescue unit management in specific conditions — fire extinguishing in buildings with ventilated facade systems.

Purpose. Formation of control loops in fire and rescue units, taking into account the peculiarities of fire propagation in buildings with ventilated facade systems (VFS).

Tasks. Development of a classification of fire scenarios; determination of key control parameters; creation of an adaptive control system architecture; formalization of a fire extinguishing algorithm.

Theoretical foundations. A comprehensive approach that integrates methods of theoretical and empirical analysis to solve the poorly structured problem of managing fire and rescue units during firefighting in buildings with VFS. The object of research is the management processes during firefighting. The subject is the methods and algorithms for managing fire and rescue units. Methods: system analysis, mathematical modelling, statistical data processing, and control theory.

Analytical part. Analysis of fires in VFS, fire spread models (CFD, FDS), comparison of fire extinguishing agent delivery methods; three-dimensional classification by the nature of impacts (deterministic, stochastic, nonlinear), complexity of the fire-unit system, and level of awareness.

Results and discussion. Formalized initial data (quantitative and qualitative) for decision support by the firefighting commander/staff; classification of fire scenarios; key parameters; architecture of an adaptive system with deterministic-probabilistic models; firefighting algorithm as a basic sequence of combat operations with feedback. Novelty — formalization of processes based on three-dimensional classification.

Conclusion. Traditional methods require improvement for VFS; the expediency of adaptive network-centric models was proven. The methodology reduces the time of key decisions by 20–30 % (by modelling) due to the unification of scenarios and algorithms. Prospects is a software package for simulation modelling.

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