Fire safety of ammonia as a carbon-free fuel for cars and ships

Abstract

Introduction. The paper substantiates the necessity of research in the field of fire safety of ammonia use as motor fuel. The relevance of the paper is due to the need to analyze the world experience of using ammonia for cars and ships. The purpose of the work is an analytical review of research in the field of fire safety of objects using ammonia as a motor fuel. At the same time, the main task is to identify gaps in the results of already conducted research and to develop proposals for further work.

Analysis of investigations in the area of the fire safety of an application of ammonia for cars and ships. Papers in international journals devoted to solving the problem of fire safety of ammonia use for cars and ships were analyzed. Research in this direction is carried out in many countries of the world, although there is still no wide practical implementation of their results. There are still no generally accepted international standards regulating the safety of ammonia use as motor vehicle and marine fuel, despite the existence of regulations for the industrial use of this gas. Unresolved problems in this area (safety distances, fire automation systems, design solutions, etc.) are noted.

Conclusions. Ammonia is a promising type of motor fuel for cars and ships. However, the results of works published in scientific press show that the elaboration of fire safety issues is insufficient for wide practical use, therefore it seems necessary to carry out additional research.