Fire hazard of greenhouse complexes and possible risks of fire consequences

Introduction. Ensuring food security is one of the priority goals of sustainable development for the period until 2030. To ensure the achievement of this goal, new agricultural technologies are being introduced in the Russian Federation. Greenhouse production received great development in this regard. Advanced greenhouse technologies provide competitive advantages such as maximized productivity, improved product quality, reduced costs and more environmentally friendly operation. However, this also entails an increase in existing fire risks and, as a consequence, an increase in the volume of expected consequences of fires. The authors considered the existing classification and main types of greenhouse complexes, their construction and volume-planning characteristics, as well as the fire risk of these facilities.

Goals and objectives. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the fire hazard of greenhouse complexes, assess the expected risks of fire consequences at these facilities, and review the existing regulatory framework in the field of ensuring fire safety of greenhouse complexes.

Materials and methods. The statistical data on fires and their consequences in greenhouse complexes in the Russian Federation for 2018–2024 were analyzed. The main fire safety requirements for agricultural greenhouse complexes were analyzed.

Results. Based on statistical information, a calculation was made of the expected consequences of fires at these facilities. The obtained research results show that modern greenhouse complexes are characterized not only by a significant potential risk of fires, but also by a significant magnitude of expected consequences. The use of modern high-tech equipment for agriculture entails an increase in existing fire risks, especially the risk of material consequences from fires.

Conclusions. Based on the conducted research, the authors proposed ways of further development of the fire safety system for agricultural greenhouse complexes.

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