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Fire safety in the design of building structures of modular buildings

https://doi.org/10.22227/0869-7493.2023.32.04.42-57

Abstract

Introduction. Updated requirements to (1) fire resistance limits and (2) the fire hazard class of building structures must be developed, and effective engineering solutions, allowing to implement these requirements, must be developed and substantiated due to the effective large-scale introduction of modular buildings into construction practice.

Goals and objectives. The aim of the article is to develop requirements to fire resistance limits, to the fire hazard class of building structures of modular buildings, and to fire resistance limits of intersections and fastening units, that are beyond the scope of Federal Law No. 123-FZ and fire safety regulations. The aim of the article also encompasses the development and justification of effective engineering solutions required to implement these requirements, as well as the pilot testing of the above-mentioned findings at construction facilities, having different numbers of storeys and functional purposes.

Methods. The analytical method is employed to substantiate the requirements applied to fire resistance limits and the fire hazard class of modular building structures. The proposed method supplements and refines provisions of the Federal Law No. 123-FZ and other fire safety regulations, taking into account the results of calculations and fire tests of fire resistance and fire hazard classes of basic building constructions of modular buildings.

Results. Introduction of the results of the work in fire safety designs of modular buildings, having different purposes and numbers of storeys; development of revisions for SP (Construction Regulations) 2.13130.2020 in compliance with the requirements applied to fire resistance limits and fire hazard classes for facilities composed of these structures.

Conclusion. Requirements for fire resistance limits and fire hazard classes were developed on the basis of the research; their distinctive feature is the location of load-bearing elements inside the building envelope, as a result of which provisions of No. 123-FZ and regulatory documents on fire safety do not establish requirements for the fire resistance limits of elements of such systems, requirements for fire resistance of intersections and fastening units, as well as requirements for fire hazard classes. The requirements have a combined nature, in other words, they contain minimum necessary and numerically different requirements for R, E, and I signs of each structure. They ensure the overall strength and 3D stability of the structural system and prevent the progressive collapse of structures outside the fire. Effective engineering solutions, allowing to implement the developed requirements, were substantiated.

About the Authors

A. A. Gasiev
Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University); Central Research and Design Institute of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation
Russian Federation

Azamat A. GASIEV, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of Department of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Structures; Head of the Department of Construction Expertise of Construction and Technical Expertise Department

Yaroslavskoe Shosse, 26, Moscow, 129337

Vernadsky Ave., 29, Moscow, 119331



V. V. Pavlov
All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection of Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters
Russian Federation

Vladimir V. PAVLOV, Head of Sector

VNIIPO, 12, Balashikha, Moscow Region, 143903, Russian Federation

ID RISC: 760824



A. V. Gomozov
All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection of Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters
Russian Federation

Alexander V. GOMOZOV, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher, Department of Fire Resistance of Building Structures and Engineering Equipment

VNIIPO, 12, Balashikha, Moscow Region, 143903



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Review

For citations:


Gasiev A.A., Pavlov V.V., Gomozov A.V. Fire safety in the design of building structures of modular buildings. Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety. 2023;32(4):42-57. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22227/0869-7493.2023.32.04.42-57

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ISSN 0869-7493 (Print)
ISSN 2587-6201 (Online)