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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">firesmi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пожаровзрывобезопасность/Fire and Explosion Safety</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7493</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6201</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18322/PVB.2020.29.02.17-25</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">firesmi-843</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭЛЕКТРОТЕХНИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование микротвердости медного проводника автомобильной электрической сети, подвергшегося токовой перегрузке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of microhardness of a copper conductor subjected to current overload in vehicle electric mains</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4605-9668</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Недобитков</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nedobitkov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>НЕДОБИТКОВ Александр Игнатьевич, канд. техн. наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Республика Казахстан, 070014, г. Усть-Каменогорск, ул. Серикбаева, 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr I. NEDOBITKOV, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Research</p><p>Serikbayeva St., 19, Ust-Kamenogorsk, 070014, Republic of Kazakhstan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.nedobitkov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Восточно-Казахстанский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan State Technical University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Недобитков А.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Недобитков А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nedobitkov A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/843">https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/843</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Приведенные в статье данные наглядно показывают насущную необходимость обеспечения пожарной безопасности автотранспортных средств. Целью статьи является обоснование применения метода измерения микротвердости при исследовании медного проводника, подвергшегося токовой перегрузке и внешнему высокотемпературному воздействию, для установления причины его повреждения в ходе пожарно-технической экспертизы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методика</title><p>Материалы и методика. Исследования проводились с использованием растрового электронного микроскопа JSM-6390LV с приставкой для энергодисперсионного микроанализа, а также микротвердомера DuraScan 20.</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. Экспериментально доказано, что микротвердость медного проводника, подвергшегося токовой перегрузке, и медного проводника, подвергшегося внешнему высокотемпературному воздействию, существенно различаются. Даны снимки участков измерения микротвердости медного проводника, подвергшегося воздействию сверхтока. Приведены результаты энергодисперсионного анализа и характерные диагностические признаки, позволяющие идентифицировать причину повреждения медного проводника при пожаре (высокотемпературный отжиг или токовая перегрузка). Установлено, что выявленные признаки являются устойчивыми и не подвержены изменениям в естественных условиях хранения автомобиля.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Предложен метод дифференциации повреждения медного проводника при пожаре (токовая перегрузка, внешнее высокотемпературное воздействие). Показано также, что метод измерения микротвердости можно использовать при исследовании фрагментов медных проводников в качестве вспомогательного к основному методу исследования — растровой микроскопии. Приведенные в статье данные могут быть использованы специалистами при экспертном исследовании медных проводников, изымаемых с мест пожаров, установлении механизма их повреждения и в конечном счете причины пожара автомобиля.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The data presented in the article clearly demonstrate the urgent need to ensure fire safety of ve­hicles. The aim of the article is to justify the use of measuring microhardness method in fire-technical expertise of a copper conductor subjected to current overload and external high-temperature impact to determine the cause of its damage. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out with a JSM-6390LV scanning electron microscope with an add-on device for energy dispersive microanalysis as well as a DuraScan 20 microhardness tester.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. It has been experimentally proved that the microhardness of a copper conductor subjected to current overload differs significantly from the microhardness of a copper conductor subjected to an external high-temperature impact. Pictures of microhardness measurement sites of a copper conductor subjected to overcurrent are given in the article. The study presents the results of energy dispersive analysis and characteristic diagnostic features which make it possible to identify the cause of damage to the copper conductor in fire (high temperature annealing or current overload). It has been found that the identified signs are stable and not subject to changes in the natural conditions of car storage.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A method for differentiating damage to a copper conductor in case of fire (current overload, external high-temperature effect) has been proposed in the article. It is also shown that the method of measuring microhardness can be used in examination of copper conductor fragments as an auxiliary method to the main examination method — scanning microscopy. The data presented in the article can be used by experts in expert studies of copper conductors taken from fire sites to determine the mechanism of their damage and, ultimately, the cause of a vehicle fire.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пожар</kwd><kwd>сверхток</kwd><kwd>медь</kwd><kwd>растровая электронная микроскопия</kwd><kwd>диагностический признак</kwd><kwd>пожарно-техническая экспертиза</kwd><kwd>микротвердомер</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fire</kwd><kwd>overcurrent</kwd><kwd>copper</kwd><kwd>scanning electron microscopy</kwd><kwd>diagnostic sign</kwd><kwd>fire-technical expertise</kwd><kwd>microhardness tester</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Брушлинский Н. Н., Соколов С. В. 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