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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">firesmi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пожаровзрывобезопасность/Fire and Explosion Safety</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7493</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6201</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18322/PVB.2020.29.01.43-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">firesmi-823</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ВЕЩЕСТВ И МАТЕРИАЛОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SAFETY OF SUBSTANCES AND MATERIALS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Беспламенное горение древесины: параметры макрокинетики пиролиза и термоокислительного разложения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Flameless burning of wood: parameters of macrokinetics of pyrolysis and thermo-oxidative decomposition</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3684-5083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Круглов</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kruglov</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>КРУГЛОВ Евгений Юрьевич – канд. техн. наук, научный сотрудник Учебно-научного центра проблем пожарной безопасности в строительстве.</p><p>129366, г. Москва, ул. Бориса Галушкина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy Yu. KRUGLOV – Cand. Sci (Eng.), Researcher, Educational Scientific Centre of Problems of Fire Safety in Construction.</p><p>Borisa Galushkina St., 4, Moscow, 129366</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">89268196698@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2940-9155</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асеева</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aseeva</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>АСЕЕВА Роза Михайловна – д-р хим. наук, профессор кафедры пожарной безопасности в строительстве, Учебно- научный центр проблем пожарной безопасности в строительстве.</p><p>129366, г. Москва, ул. Бориса Галушкина, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roza M. ASEEVA – Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Professor of Fire ­Safety in Construction Department, Educational Scientific Cent­re of Problems of Fire Safety in Construction.</p><p>Borisa Galushkina St., 4, Moscow, 129366</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rm-aseeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Академия Государственной противопожарной службы МЧС России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Fire Academy of Emercom of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Круглов Е.Ю., Асеева Р.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Круглов Е.Ю., Асеева Р.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kruglov E.Y., Aseeva R.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/823">https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/823</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Беспламенному, тлеющему горению подвержены многие материалы: уголь, хлопок, торф, карбонизующиеся полимеры и пр. Пожарная опасность тлеющего горения органических материалов состоит в том, что для инициирования процесса горения достаточно низкокалорийных источников зажигания, процесс носит скрытый характер, что затрудняет его обнаружение, и может самопроизвольно перейти в пламенный. </p></sec><sec><title>Цель и задачи</title><p>Цель и задачи. Цель настоящей работы состояла в определении параметров макрокинетики пиролиза и термо­окислительного разложения древесины разных видов хвойных и лиственных пород методами термического анализа. </p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Образцы исследовали методами термического анализа в инертной и воздушной среде. Для этого использовали автоматизированную модульную систему Du Pont-9900, включающую термовесы ТГА-951, дифференциально-сканирующий калориметр ДСК-910.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В работе установлено, что пиролиз основных компонентов древесины (гемицеллюлозы и целлю­лозы) протекает по механизму нуклеации и росту ядер по закону случая R (n = 1) с энергиями активации, близкими по порядку величины для разных пород (98–136 кДж/моль — для гемицеллюлоз и 203–233 кДж/моль — для целлюлозы). На стадиях термоокислительного разложения компонентов древесины и гетерогенного окисления карбонизованного продукта механизмом, контролирующим процесс, становится диффузия типа D3 (D4) в сферической геометрии. Эффективная энергия активации разложения гемицеллюлоз снижается до 90,9–95,8 кДж/моль, а целлюлозы — до 138,3–160,9 кДж/моль. В беспламенное, тлеющее горение материа­ла существенный вклад вносит реакция гетерогенного окисления карбонизованных продуктов. Она является диффузионно-контролируемой и характеризуется высокими значениями энергии активации (до 285 кДж/моль).</p></sec><sec><title>Вывод</title><p>Вывод. Результаты работы позволяют оценить макрокинетические параметры пиролиза и термоокислительного разложения древесины разных пород при беспламенном горении. Полученные данные могут использоваться как основные параметры при моделировании гетерогенного горения древесины разных пород в зданиях.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Many materials are subject to flameless, smoldering combustion: coal, cotton, peat, carbonizing ­polymers, etc. The fire hazard of smoldering burning of organic materials is that low-calorie ignition sources are sufficient to initiate the combustion process, the process is hidden, making it difficult to detect, and can spontaneously turn into a fiery one.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose and objectives</title><p>Purpose and objectives. The purpose of this work was to determine the macrokinetics of pyrolysis and thermo­oxidative decomposition of wood of different types of conifers and deciduous species by thermal analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Samples were investigated by thermal analysis in an inert and air environment. For this, we used the automated modular system Du Pont-9900, including the TGA-951 thermobalance, and the DSK-910 diffe­rential scanning calorimeter.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was found that the pyrolysis of the main components of wood (hemicellulose and cellulose) proceeds according to the nucleation and growth mechanism of nuclei according to the case law R (n = 1) with activa­tion energies close in order of magnitude for different species (98–136 kJ/mol for hemicelluloses and 203–233 kJ/mol for cellulose). At the stages of thermooxidative decomposition of wood components and heterogeneous oxidation of the carbonized product, diffusion of the D3 (D4) type in spherical geometry becomes the mechanism controlling the process. The effective activation energy of the decomposition of hemicelluloses is reduced to 90.9–95.8 kJ/mol, and of cellulose to 138.3–160.9 kJ/mol. The reaction of heterogeneous oxidation of carbonized products makes a significant contribution to the flameless, smoldering combustion of the material. It is diffusion-controlled and is characterized by high values of activation energy (up to 285 kJ/mol).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results of the work make it possible to evaluate the macrokinetic parameters of pyrolysis and thermooxidative decomposition of wood of different species during flameless combustion. The obtained data can be used as the main parameters for modeling the heterogeneous combustion of wood of different species in buildings.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тлеющее горение</kwd><kwd>термическое поведение</kwd><kwd>макрокинетические параметры</kwd><kwd>пиролиз древесины</kwd><kwd>термогравиметрический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>smoldering combustion</kwd><kwd>thermal behavior</kwd><kwd>macrokinetic parameters</kwd><kwd>wood pyrolysis</kwd><kwd>thermogravimetric analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность Ю. К. Нагановскому за помощь в проведении экспериментов по термическому анализу.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors are grateful to Yuriy K. 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