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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">firesmi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пожаровзрывобезопасность/Fire and Explosion Safety</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7493</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6201</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18322/PVB.2019.28.04.29-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">firesmi-770</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ, ЧИСЛЕННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ И КОМПЛЕКСЫ ПРОГРАММ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL MODELING, NUMERICAL METHODS AND PROGRAM COMPLEXES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Численное моделирование распространения пламени по дискретной совокупности горючих материалов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Simulation of flame spread over discrete fire load</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5272-3863</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркус</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markus</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Researcher ID: O-7231-2017;</p><p>Scopus ID: 57195585949</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eksmarkus@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6752-8809</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Снегирев</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Snegirev</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Researcher ID: N-4484-2013;</p><p>Scopus ID: 7003753536</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.snegirev@phmf.spbstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4618-870X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Researcher ID: P-9051-2017;</p><p>Scopus ID: 57195590678</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kn0egor@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2769-0086</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Танклевский</surname><given-names>Л. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tanklevskiy</surname><given-names>L. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Researcher ID: S-1901-2017;</p><p>Scopus ID: 57192367552</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tanklevskij_lt@spbstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2222-7970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аракчеев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Arakcheev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">arakcheev@gefest-spb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Маркус Е.С., Снегирев А.Ю., Кузнецов Е.А., Танклевский Л.Т., Аракчеев А.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маркус Е.С., Снегирев А.Ю., Кузнецов Е.А., Танклевский Л.Т., Аракчеев А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Markus E.S., Snegirev A.Y., Kuznetsov E.A., Tanklevskiy L.T., Arakcheev A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/770">https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/770</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Пожары на высокостеллажных складах с дискретным распределением пожарной нагрузки характеризуются стремительным развитием, трудно поддаются раннему обнаружению и тушению и приводят к существенному материальному ущербу. Цель данной работы — демонстрация применимости методики чис­ленного моделирования на основе тепловой модели воспламенения твердых горючих материалов для прогнозирования развития пожара на высокостеллажном складе. Методика. Расчеты выполняются с использованием модели и кода FDS 6.6. В тепловой модели предполагается, что имеет место инертный нагрев материала до достижения критической температуры поверхности (температуры воспламенения) и последующее выгорание его с постоянной скоростью потери массы. Преимуществом тепловой модели пиролиза является ее простота и использование ограниченного числа модельных параметров: температуры воспламенения, удельной массовой скорости выгорания, времени выгорания материала и теплоты его газификации. Предлагаемая методика подбора указанных параметров основана на анализе литературных и экспериментальных данных. В статье приводится расчет развития пожара на трех- и пятиярусном стеллажах с 2 рядами картонных коробок (общее количество — 2x4x3 = 24 иx2x4x5 = 40 коробок); системы автоматического пожаротушения не активируются. Результаты и обсуждение. Расчеты с использованием тепловой модели пиролиза позволяют воспроизвести сложную динамику развития пожара, включая распространение пламени вверх по боковым поверхностям и вдоль по горизонтальным поверхностям коробок. Приведены поля температуры и суммарного теплового потока на поверхностях коробок, температура и скорость газа внутри стеллажа. При увеличении количества ярусов с 3 до 5 наблюдается увеличение скорости роста мощности тепловыделения. Выводы. Полученное согласие результатов расчета мощности тепловыделения с данными натурных испытаний показывает возможность использования тепловой модели пиролиза для прогнозирования динамики развития пожара на высокостеллажном складе. Рассматриваемая модель может быть использована при разных компоновках пожарной нагрузки и высотах перекрытия, а также при прогнозировании обнаружения пожара и динамики пожаротушения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Fires at high-rack storages with a discrete fire load develop dramatically fast, while fire detection and suppression systems might activate too late, which leads to significant property damage. The objective of this work is to demonstrate applicability of the thermal pyrolysis model in predictions of fire development in high-rack storage facilities. Methods. The simulations are performed using FDS 6.6. In the thermal pyrolysis model, the solid material is ex­posed to inert heating until its surface temperature reaches the ignition temperature; combustible material then ignites and burns at a prescribed burning rate. The advantage of this approach is its simplicity and a limited number of input parameters, which include ignition temperature, mass loss rate per unit area, burn-out time and heat of gasification. The model parameters selection procedure is based on literature and experimental data. In this work, FDS simulations are performed for 3- and 5-tier high racks with 2 rows of cardboard boxes (243 = 24 and 245 = 40 boxes in total). Fire suppression systems are not activated. Results and discussions. Simulations results show that high-rack storage fire dynamics can be replicated using thermal pyrolysis model provided that model parameters are properly selected. Fire growth mechanisms include upward and horizontal flame spread over the combustible surfaces. Net heat flux and surface temperature distributions, in-rack gas velocity and temperature are also reported. When number of tiers is increased to 5 the heat ­release rate grows faster compared to the 3-tier case. Conclusions. Thermal pyrolysis model enables reasonable replication of high-rack storage fire dynamics, which is proven by comparison with the full-scale experimental data. The model could be used to simulate fire dynamics in rack storages of different configurations at different ceiling heights, with the purpose of predicting fire detection and the performance of fire suppression systems.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тепловая модель</kwd><kwd>распространение пламени</kwd><kwd>совместное моделирование</kwd><kwd>высокостеллажный склад</kwd><kwd>FDS</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thermal theory</kwd><kwd>flame spread</kwd><kwd>coupled simulations</kwd><kwd>high-rack storage</kwd><kwd>FDS</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при частичной поддержке Российского научного фонда (проект № 16-49-02017) с использованием ресурсов Суперкомпьютерного центра “Политехнический” (СПбПУ).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported in part by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 16-49-02017) using the reso¬urces of the Polytechnic Super Computer Center (Saint Petersburg).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">СП 241.1311500.2015. 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