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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">firesmi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пожаровзрывобезопасность/Fire and Explosion Safety</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7493</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6201</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18322/PVB.2017.26.08.45-55</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">firesmi-76</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СРЕДСТВА И СПОСОБЫ ТУШЕНИЯ ПОЖАРОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MEANS AND WAYS OF FIRE EXTINGUISHING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Тушение горючих жидкостей пеной из пленкообразующих пенообразователей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extinguishing of flammable liquids by film forming foaming agents</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корольченко</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korolchenko</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ICA_kbs@mgsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">RECTOR@mgsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>04</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Корольченко Д.А., Волков А.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Корольченко Д.А., Волков А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Korolchenko D.A., Volkov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/76">https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/76</self-uri><abstract><p>Приведены результаты, полученные в ходе систематических экспериментальных исследований процесса тушения пламени нефтепродуктов подачей пены на горящую поверхность и в основание резервуара. Показано, что единственным способом объективно оценить эффективность пенообразователей является проведение комплексных испытаний, в ходе которых формируются кривые поверхностного и межфазного натяжения водных растворов пенообразователей на границе с углеводородом. В экспериментах использованы фторированные пенообразователи известных марок - Ansulite AFFF, Shtamex AFFF, Light WaterFS 201, CAPSTONE 1183 и Шторм-Ф, а в качестве горючих жидкостей - углеводороды, имеющие разную температуру вспышки. Выявлена общая закономерность зависимости удельного расхода пенообразователей от интенсивности подачи пены, представленная в виде кривых с наличием минимума на них при интенсивности, равной оптимальной. Установлены конкретные характеристики огнетушащей эффективности пены при тушении пламени горючих жидкостей, выраженные комплексом показателей, таких как критическая и оптимальная интенсивность подачи, а также минимальный удельный расход пенообразователя. Показано, что при тушении пламени нефтепродуктов пеной из пленкообразующих пенообразователей значения оптимальной интенсивности и минимального удельного расхода при подслойной подаче пены на 25-30 % ниже, чем при ее подаче на горящую поверхность углеводорода. Сделан вывод, что огнетушащая эффективность испытанных пленкообразующих пенообразователей выше при подслойном способе тушения. Показано также, что разница в показателях огнетушащей эффективности пены при выборе того или иного способа подачи объясняется разрушающим действием сопутствующих факторов: если при подслойном способе тушения пламени нефтепродуктов пена подвергается только воздействию потока тепла от факела пламени, то при подаче сверху она разрушается еще и от соприкосновения с горящей поверхностью нефтепродукта. На основе полученных данных разработана модель процесса тушения нефти путем подачи пены в основание резервуара, учитывающая снижение температуры горящей поверхности в процессе смешивания гомотермического слоя при всплытии пены.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper describes the results obtained during systematic experimental research of the oil product flame extinguishing process by injecting foam onto the burning surface and to the tank base. As a rule, the same foam generator, compound, chemical formula and proprietary component ratio are used for fire extinguishing using subsurface foam injection and and by feeding foam onto the burning surface. The only way to estimate the foam generator efficiency objectively is carrying out comprehensive testing during which curves are plotted for superficial and interfacial tension at the interface of water foam generator solutions with a hydrocarbon. Fluorated foam generators of known brands were used in the experiments: Ansulite AFFF, Shtamex AFFF, Light WaterFS 201, CAPSTONE 1183 and Shtorm-F. Hydrocarbon with different flash temperature was used as combustible liquids. As a result of the conducted experiments, a general regularity was discovered. It is the functional relation between the specific flow rate of foam generators and foam delivery rate shown using curves, the specific flow rate being minimum at the optimum delivery rate. The specific foam extinguishing efficiency characteristics have been determined during combustible liquid flame extinguishing. They are expressed as a complex of indices: critical and optimum delivery rate, and the minimum specific flow rate of the foam generator. The experiment results have shown that during oil product flame extinguishing using film-forming foam generator foam the value of the optimum delivery rate and minimum specific flow rate in case of subsurface foam injection was lower than during feeding of the foam onto the burning hydrocarbon surface by 25 to 30 %. Consequently, the extinguishing efficiency of the tested film-forming foam generators appeared to higher in case of the subsurface extinguishing method. The difference of indices of foam extinguishing efficiency in case of a particular feeding method is due to destructive effect of some contributing factors. While foam is only exposed to flame jet heat flow during the subsurface oil product flame extinguishing, in case of feeding from above foam is also destroyed as a result of the contact with burning oil product surface. Based on the obtained data, a model of the process of oil extinguishing by feeding foam to the tank base was developed. This model takes into consideration decrease of the burning surface temperature during mixing of homotermal layer when the foam emerges.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тушение нефтепродуктов</kwd><kwd>подслойное тушение</kwd><kwd>огнетушащая эффективность</kwd><kwd>фторированный пленкообразующий пенообразователь</kwd><kwd>коэффициент растекания</kwd><kwd>оптимальная интенсивность</kwd><kwd>минимальный удельный расход</kwd><kwd>oil extinguishing</kwd><kwd>subsurface extinguishing</kwd><kwd>fire extinguishing efficiency</kwd><kwd>fluorinated film forming foam generator</kwd><kwd>spreading coefficient</kwd><kwd>optimum delivery rate</kwd><kwd>minimum specific flow rate</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шароварников А. Ф., Молчанов В. П., Воевода С. С., Шароварников С. А. 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