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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">firesmi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пожаровзрывобезопасность/Fire and Explosion Safety</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7493</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6201</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18322/PVB.2019.28.02.31-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">firesmi-744</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ВЕЩЕСТВ И МАТЕРИАЛОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SAFETY OF SUBSTANCES AND MATERIALS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности исследования полиуретана при поджогах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the polyurethane study as a result of arson attacks</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плотникова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plotnikova</surname><given-names>Galina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>664074, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 110</p><p>ПЛОТНИКОВА Галина Викторовна, канд. хим. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры пожарно-технической экспертизы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lermontova St., 110, Irkutsk, 664074</p><p>Galina V. PLOTNIKOVA, Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Docent, Associate Professor of Fire Technical Examination Department </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plotnikovagv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>К. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>Konstantin L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>664009, г. Иркутск, ул. Култукская, 10</p><p>КУЗНЕЦОВ Константин Леонидович, канд. хим. наук, начальник </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kultuksaya St., 10, Irkutsk, 664009</p><p>Konstantin L. KUZNETSOV, Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Chief of Judicial and Expert Establishment Fire-Fighting Service “Testing Fire Laboratory” across Irkutsk Region </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuznets84@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малышева</surname><given-names>С. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malysheva</surname><given-names>Svetlana F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>664033, г. Иркутск, ул. Фаворского, 1</p><p>МАЛЫШЕВА Светлана Филипповна, д-р хим. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Favorskogo St., 1, Irkutsk, 664033</p><p>Svetlana F. MALYSHEVA, Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Leading Researcher of A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mal@irioch.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Восточно-Сибирский институт МВД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Eastern-Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Судебно-экспертное учреждение Федеральной противопожарной службы “Испытательная пожарная лаборатория” по Иркутской области</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Judicial and Expert Establishment Fire-Fighting Service “Testing Fire Laboratory” across Irkutsk Region</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутский институт химии им. А. Е. Фаворского СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Плотникова Г.В., Кузнецов К.Л., Малышева С.Ф., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Плотникова Г.В., Кузнецов К.Л., Малышева С.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Plotnikova G.V., Kuznetsov K.L., Malysheva S.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/744">https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/744</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Для интенсификации горения в большинстве случаев злоумышленниками применяются инициаторы горения — доступные и дешевые нефтепродукты (бензин, дизельное топливо, моторные масла или их смеси). Чтобы установить причину криминального пожара, необходимо определить наличие инициатора горения на месте пожара. Исследование проводилось с целью установления мешающего влияния продуктов разложения объекта-носителя на определение наличия дизельного топлива.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В качестве объекта-носителя был выбран полиуретан (обивка автомобильных кресел), который способен адсорбировать на своей поверхности жидкость, в качестве инициатора горения — дизельное топливо как наиболее распространенный инициатор горения. Для исследования применялся метод флуоресцентной спектроскопии.</p><p>Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Пробы полиуретана с дизельным топливом на поверхности и без него обжигались в муфельной печи при температурах от 200 до 300 °С в течение 5–20 мин. После обжига проводилось экстрагирование измельченных проб, и на флуориметре снимались спектры флуоресценции.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Анализ результатов исследований показал, что при нагревании образцов полиуретана, обработанного дизельным топливом, до 250 °С включительно в течение 5, 10, 15 и 20 мин возможна идентификация инициатора горения как сильно выгоревшего дизельного топлива. При нагревании образцов полиуретана до температуры выше 250 °С идентификация инициатора горения как сильно выгоревшего дизельного топлива невозможна.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. In most cases, the attackers use combustion initiators — affordable and cheap oil products (gasoline, diesel fuel, engine oils, or their mixtures) to intensify combustion. In order to establish the cause of a criminal fire, it is necessary to determine the presence of a fire initiator at the fire site. The study has been conducted in order to establish the interfering effect of decomposition products of the carrier object on the determination of the presence of diesel fuel. Materials and methods. Polyurethane (car upholstery), which is able to adsorb liquid on its surface, was chosen as the carrier object, and diesel fuel was used as the combustion initiator, as the most common combustion initiator. The method of fluorescence spectroscopy was used in the study process. Study results and discussion. Polyurethane samples with diesel fuel on its surface and without it were burned in a muffle furnace at temperatures from 200 to 300 °C for 5–20 min. After firing, the crushed samples were extracted, and fluorescence spectra were measured with the help of fluorimeter. Conclusion. Analysis of the study results showed that when heating polyurethane samples covered with diesel fuel, it is possible to identify the combustion initiator as a strongly burned diesel fuel up to 250 °C C inclusive for 5, 10, 15, and 20 min. When polyurethane samples are heated to temperatures above 250 °C, the identification of the combustion initiator as highly burnt diesel fuel is impossible.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полиуретан</kwd><kwd>инициатор горения</kwd><kwd>флуоресцентный анализ</kwd><kwd>моноароматические углеводороды</kwd><kwd>биароматические углеводороды</kwd><kwd>светлые нефтепродукты</kwd><kwd>люминесценция</kwd><kwd>дизельное топливо</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polyurethane</kwd><kwd>arson attack</kwd><kwd>combustion initiator</kwd><kwd>fluorescence analysis</kwd><kwd>monoaromatic hydrocarbons</kwd><kwd>biaromatic hydrocarbons</kwd><kwd>light oil products</kwd><kwd>luminescence</kwd><kwd>diesel fuel</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пожары и пожарная безопасность в 2016 году: стат. сб. / Под общ. ред. Д. М. 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