Рассмотрены особенности обеспечения пожарной безопасности линейных объектов нефтегазового комплекса с применением беспилотных воздушных судов. Представлено нормативное обоснование использования данных устройств в системе обеспечения пожарной безопасности. Проведен анализ и обобщение существующих методик мониторинга пожарной опасности с использованием беспилотных воздушных судов, выявлены их преимущества и недостатки. Показано, что в отечественных методиках применения беспилотных воздушных судов процесс цифрового обнаружения не реализован вовсе, а всю полезную информацию с монитора принимает человек-оператор. Предложена оригинальная методика автоматического мониторинга объектов нефтегазовой отрасли с борта беспилотного воздушного судна, обеспечивающая обнаружение пламенного горения по видеопротоколу и снижение пожарной и промышленной опасности.
Introduction. At the present stage for carrying out expeditious monitoring of linear objects of the oil and gas industry use the free aircrafts. The purpose of work is development of a technique of use of free aircrafts for ensuring fire safety of oil and gas pipelines and also justification of a role and the place of use of these devices in the system of ensuring fire safety of linear objects of the oil and gas industry existing and enshrined in normative documents. Materials and methods. Accidents on oil and gas transport objects, often, are followed by significant material damage. As showed researches, free aircrafts are applicable for ensuring control over fire-dangerous areas, carrying out search works, investigation on major fire in regions of the country and also for obtaining operational information in crisis situations. Theoretical basis. The main task in the field of fire safety when carrying out monitoring from the free aircraft is fixing of open burning near the pipeline. It can arise in the following conditions: fell fires, burning of the vegetable spreading surface, the local center of burning of hydrocarbons before overflowing in global emergency situation. In the listed cases the efficiency of obtaining information on burning increases fire safety due to conducting prompt actions on fire elimination. Thereby the requirement of Paragraph 1 of Article 50 FZ-123 providing an exception of conditions of emergence of the fire due to prevention of entering into the combustible environment of sources of ignition is fulfilled. Results and discussion. Free aircrafts are actively used for monitoring of fire and industrial safety of linear objects of the oil and gas industry. However in the long term they need modernization taking into account the requirements and tasks facing the organizations operating the pipeline with the maximum automation of process. Conclusion. The analysis of the regulatory documentation showed that the use of a drone to ensure the fire safety objectives of the linear objects of the oil and gas industry is permissible when they perform the tasks of identifying the ignition source at an early stage before it is introduced into the combustible environment.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.