firesmiПожаровзрывобезопасность/Fire and Explosion SafetyPozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety0869-74932587-6201ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет»10.18322/pvb.2018.27.7-8.43-52firesmi-668Research ArticleБЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ВЕЩЕСТВ И МАТЕРИАЛОВSAFETY OF SUBSTANCES AND MATERIALSЭксергетический подход к оценке энергоэкологической эффективности и пожарной опасности грузовых перевозок на железнодорожном транспортеExergistic approach to estimation of energy-ecological efficiency and fire hazard of cargo transportation on railway transportКоролеваЛ. А.KorolevaL. A.

Кандидат технических наук, доцент, заместитель начальника кафедры пожарной, аварийно-спасательной техники и автомобильного хозяйства.

196105, Санкт-Петербург, Московский просп., 149

Candidate of Technical Sciences, Docent, Deputy Head of Fire, Rescue Equipment and Automotive Industry Department.

Moskovskiy Avenue, 149, Saint Petersburg, 196105

lyudamil@mail.ruХайдаровА. Г.KhaydarovA. G.

Кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры бизнесинформатики.

190013, Санкт-Петербург, Московский просп., 26

Candidate of Technical Sciences, Docent, Associate Professor of Department of Business Informatics.

Moskovskiy Avenue, 26, Saint Petersburg, 190013

andreyhaydarov@gmail.comИвахнюкГ. К.IvakhnyukG. K.

Доктор химических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой инженерной защиты окружающей среды.

190013, Санкт-Петербург, Московский просп., 26

Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department of Engineering Protection of Environment.

fireside@inbox.ruКовальД. Н.KovalD. N.

Кандидат технических наук, заместитель генерального директора.

220005, Минск, ул. Платонова, 22

Candidate of Technical Sciences, Deputy Director-General,

Platonova St., 22, Minsk, 220005

zgd@niit.byСанкт-Петербургский университет ГПС МЧС РоссииРоссияSaint Petersburg University of State Fire Service of Emercom of RussiaRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный технологический институт (технический университет)РоссияSaint Petersburg State Technology Institute (Technical UniversityRussian FederationБелНИИТ "Транстехника"РоссияBelarusian Research Institute of Transport TranstekhnikaRussian Federation201802102018277-84352Copyright © Королева Л.А., Хайдаров А.Г., Ивахнюк Г.К., Коваль Д.Н., 20182018Королева Л.А., Хайдаров А.Г., Ивахнюк Г.К., Коваль Д.Н.Koroleva L.A., Khaydarov A.G., Ivakhnyuk G.K., Koval D.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/668

Проанализировано применение эксергетического подхода для оценки энергоэкологической эффективности грузовых перевозок на железнодорожном транспорте. Химическая эксергия вещества рассмотрена как одно из условий возникновения пожара. Представлены зависимости между химической эксергией и показателями пожаровзрывоопасности веществ. Обоснована возможность использования эксергетического подхода для оценки пожарной опасности веществ топливно-энергетического назначения, обращающихся на железнодорожном транспорте. Определены преимущества такого подхода.

Introduction

Introduction. One of the main trends in the sustainable development of the national economy is an increase in the energy efficiency of processes and industries, fire and industrial safety, rational use of natural resources, and reduction of negative man-made impact. A method for improving energy efficiency and predictive reliability is exergy analysis. However, it is not enough specified for fire safety.

Theoretical basis

Theoretical basis. Exergy is a thermodynamic concept, used for many years within engineering analysis of chemical and mechanical processes and systems. In modern science the concept of exergy is associated with efficiency, economy, and environmental feasibility. However, exergy analysis is practically does not affect issues related to fire safety.

Result and discussion

Result and discussion. Consider the possibility of using an exergy approach to assess the fire danger of rail transport. At first we establish relationships between thermodynamic characteristics and fire and explosion hazard ratio. The objects of research are hydrocarbons, which are the main components of liquid and gaseous fuels.

Exergy is considered as one of the conditions for the occurrence of a fire.

We have determined the dependencies between the specific chemical exergy and the fire and explosion hazard ratio of substances for railway transport. Specific chemical exergy was found from literature sources.

Lower heat of combustion, flash point, temperature limits of flame propagation, concentration limits of flame propagation parameters were considered. Formulas for calculation are proposed. The correlation of determination R2 was calculated (from 0.950 to 0.999).

Using the exergy method of analysis has some preference for fire safety.

Conclusions

Conclusions. The offered approach allows to consider in a complex way the questions of energy-ecological efficiency and fire danger of cargo transportations of a railway transportation. It also makes it possible to identify the links between thermodynamic characteristics and technical, economic and environmental indicators and to assess the fire and explosion hazard of substances and materials for railway transport. The obtained dependences allow to rank substances of fuel and energy purpose in terms of their energy efficiency and fire hazard.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.