Приведен обзор научных работ в области исследования статического электричества, опасности его проявления в условиях взрывоопасных производств, при наличии паровоздушных и газовоздушных смесей, где искровые разряды могут привести к воспламенению горючей среды, вызвать пожар или взрыв. Представлены результаты научных исследований в области нейтрализации зарядов статического электричества. Рассмотрена проблема возможности образования опасных разрядов статического электричества, которые могут являться источником зажигания в условиях продувки емкостного оборудования со взрывопожароопасной средой инертным газом. Установлено, что в различных нормативных документах существуют противоречия в вопросах использования инертных газов, в частности углекислого газа, в качестве флегматизатора горючих смесей в емкостном технологическом оборудовании из-за возможности образования разрядов статического электричества. Для исследования опасности проявления статического электричества в процессе флегматизации углекислым газом емкостей со взрывоопасной средой разработана методика и экспериментальный стенд. На основании проведенных экспериментальных исследований предложены методы и условия безопасного использования углекислого газа в качестве флегматизатора емкостей со взрывоопасной средой.
Review of scientific works in the field of study of static electricity has shown the existing danger of its manifestation in the conditions of hazardous industries in the presence of vapor and gas mixture, where sparks can ignite combustible environment, cause a fire or explosion. When the ignition of the combustible mixture spark charge capacitor (capacitive spark) always it’s required less heat than with any other ignition source. Therefore, spark discharge, including static electricity, is the most efficient and therefore the most dangerous source of ignition. There are known ways to eliminate the danger of static electricity, which improved allowing for the dif¬fe¬rent processes. A review of scientific works in the field of neutralization of static charges is pre-sented. It is shown that the problem of the possibility of hazardous discharges of static electricity, which can be a source of ignition under conditions of storage equipment with explosive purge inert gas. For example, during the release of liquid carbon dioxide may be formed in the region of its high electrical charge jet, leading to the formation of sparks, which in certain circumstances can cause an outbreak in an explosive atmosphere. It was found that different regulations exist contradictions in the use of inert gases, in particular carbon dioxide, as a deterrent combustible mixtures in a capacitive process equipment due to possible static electricity discharges. Based on the literature review it was arisen a need for pilot studies to identify the dangers of static electricity during desensitization carbon dioxide containers with a potentially explosive environment. To investigate the dangers of static electricity during desensitization carbon dioxide containers with a potentially explosive atmosphere there are worked out the technique and experimental stand. On the basis of experimental studies methods and conditions of safe use of carbon dioxide as a deterrent containers with explosive atmosphere were suggested. The most effective and safe condition capacitive flushing process equipment with a potentially explosive atmosphere is carbon dioxide savings (exhaust velocity) of carbon dioxide with increasing length of the line feed and simultaneous grounding of the tank and the socket supply of carbon dioxide.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.