Приведено описание параметров и условий процесса сброса опасного газа со свечи при критическом и некритическом истечении газа в зависимости от времени. Указано два альтернативных способа нахождения времени опорожнения. Определены различия между ними. Показано, что причиной расхождения получаемых разными методами значений является изменение во времени температуры газа в оборудовании. Проведен анализ процесса сброса при некритическом и критическом истечении газа. Получены зависимости, которые могут использоваться при численном моделировании сброса со свечи.
The proposed mathematical description of the key parameters and conditions of the processes of emptying the processing equipment by releasing dangerous gases from it with the account of non-stationarity ofthe processes allowed to obtain equations for determination of duration ofthe gas efflux from the equipment before its full emptying in cases of subcritical and critical efflux velocities. The proposed two methods of determining the time of emptying the equipment, through reducing mass ofthe gas (xm) and through pressure dumping (xP), give divergences in the results about 1-2 %. The obtained analytical dependences allow determining flow parameters at the stack tip (pressure, mass flow rate, temperature, density, speed) depending on time. The use of these dependences as boundary conditions for calculation of gas releases in such software packages as Fluent [1,6], allows for adequate calculating the process of propagation ofthe air-gas mixture in the atmospheric surface layer at releasing dangerous gases from the industrial tanks and vessels in cases of shutdowns of technological systems for repairs or at emergencies.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.