Представлены результаты исследований физических свойств водногелевых составов (ВГС) на основе редкосшитого полимера акриловой кислоты марки “Carbopol ETD 2020” в условиях электрофизической и температурной модификации и воздействия переменного частотно-модулированного потенциала (ПЧМП). Методами рамановской спектроскопии и атомно-силовой микроскопии установлен факт изменения структуры модифицированных воды и гидрогелей. Получены данные об изменении плотности гидрогелей в зависимости от концентрации гелеобразующего компонента, воздействия ПЧМП и температуры. Установлено, что сравнительное время нагрева модифицированных гидрогелей возрастает с увеличением концентрации гелеобразующего компонента в условиях воздействия ПЧМП, а также при температурном воздействии для термически модифицированных гидрогелей вблизи критической точки воды 4 °С. Сделан вывод о возможности использования модифицированных ВГС для повышения эффективности установок тепловой защиты резервуаров для хранения нефтепродуктов.
The fires in the park of petroleum products tanks are inextricably linked with intense heating from burning tank and creation conditions for dissemination of the fire on the nearest tanks by the radiative and convection heat transfer. The water is the main cooling agent, using in standard equipment today, because of its accessibility and good thermal characteristics. At the same time, the waters efficiency for the thermal protection purpose of petroleum products tanks is greatly reduced, because of low adhesion and low viscosity. This work studies the physical properties of modified hydrogel suspensions (HGS), prepared by distilled water and polymers of acrylic acid marked “Carbopol ETD 2020”. Thermal modification was to clamping the abnormal water properties, such as heat capacity and thermal conductivity, in conditions of 4 °C. Electrophysical modification was the impact on researching compositions by the variable frequency modulated potential (VFMP). Present VFMP-impact results in a characteristic Raman frequency shear into the valence vibration area of O-H bond in the frequency rang ~3200…3400 cm-1, indicating that the structure was modified. The modification HGS and water structures by VFMP was confirmed by Raman spectra and atomic force microscopy. We got a density value for HGS depending on concentration of Carbopol, while HGS density was decreased in conditions of VFMP. Also noticed, that HGS, which was prepared in conditions of 4 °C, have more value of density, than HGS which was prepared in conditions of 20 °C. This fact can be explained by the density of water decreasing with temperature increasing. During the heating and boiling processes studying, we have found, that heating time for modified HGS, which have concentration 0.1-0.2 % mas., to a maximum temperature was lower than distill water by 30-50 %, while a higher concentration HGS was heated slowly, with the best result for 0.25-1 % concentrated HGS. A significant increase of heating time (to 60 %) was noted for all HGS, which was prepared in conditions of 4 °C. These results suggest the possibility of significant influence on the processes of heat and mass transfer in HGS heating conditions due to changes in water properties and structure parameters, which in turn, provides improved thermal insulation properties HGS compared with the standard cooling agents that will efficiently use them in standard cooling equipment of petroleum products tanks.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.