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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">firesmi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пожаровзрывобезопасность/Fire and Explosion Safety</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7493</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6201</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/0869-7493.2025.34.05.71-78</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">firesmi-1549</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ВЕЩЕСТВ И МАТЕРИАЛОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SAFETY OF SUBSTANCES AND MATERIALS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пожарная безопасность применения аммиака как безуглеродного топлива для автомобилей и судов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fire safety of ammonia as a carbon-free fuel for cars and ships</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1916-2547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шебеко</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shebeko</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ШЕБЕКО Юрий Николаевич, д.т.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник               </p><p>143903, Московская обл., г. Балашиха, мкр. ВНИИПО, 12</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 47042, Scopus: 7006511704</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury N. SHEBEKO, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Chief Researcher</p><p>VNIIPO, 12, Balashikha, Moscow Region, 143903</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 47042, Scopus: 7006511704</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yn_shebeko1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский ордена «Знак Почета» научно-исследовательский институт противопожарной обороны Министерства Российской Федерации по делам гражданской обороны, чрезвычайным ситуациям и ликвидации последствий стихийных бедствий</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection of Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шебеко Ю.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шебеко Ю.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shebeko Y.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/1549">https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/1549</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Проведено обоснование необходимости проведения исследований в области пожарной безопасности применения аммиака в качестве моторного топлива. Актуальность статьи обусловлена необходимостью анализа мирового опыта использования аммиака для автомобилей и судов. Целью работы является аналитический обзор исследований в области пожарной безопасности объектов с использованием аммиака как моторного топлива. При этом основной задачей является выявление пробелов в результатах уже проведенных исследований и разработка предложений по дальнейшим работам.</p><p>Анализ исследований в области обеспечения пожарной безопасности применения аммиака в качестве топлива. Проанализированы публикации в международных журналах, посвященные решению проблемы пожарной безопасности использования аммиака для автомобилей и судов. Исследования в этом направлении ведутся во многих странах мира, хотя пока нет широкой практической реализации их результатов. До сих пор нет общепринятых международных стандартов, регламентирующих безопасность применения аммиака в качестве автомобильного и судового топлива, несмотря на наличие нормативов для промышленного использования этого газа. Отмечены нерешенные проблемы в рассматриваемой области (безопасные расстояния, системы пожарной автоматики, конструктивные решения и т.п.).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Аммиак является перспективным видом моторного топлива для автомобилей и судов. Однако результаты работ, опубликованных в научной печати, свидетельствуют о недостаточной для широкого практического использования проработанности вопросов пожарной безопасности, в связи с чем представляется необходимым проведение дополнительных исследований.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The paper substantiates the necessity of research in the field of fire safety of ammonia use as motor fuel. The relevance of the paper is due to the need to analyze the world experience of using ammonia for cars and ships. The purpose of the work is an analytical review of research in the field of fire safety of objects using ammonia as a motor fuel. At the same time, the main task is to identify gaps in the results of already conducted research and to develop proposals for further work.</p><p>Analysis of investigations in the area of the fire safety of an application of ammonia for cars and ships. Papers in international journals devoted to solving the problem of fire safety of ammonia use for cars and ships were analyzed. Research in this direction is carried out in many countries of the world, although there is still no wide practical implementation of their results. There are still no generally accepted international standards regulating the safety of ammonia use as motor vehicle and marine fuel, despite the existence of regulations for the industrial use of this gas. Unresolved problems in this area (safety distances, fire automation systems, design solutions, etc.) are noted.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Ammonia is a promising type of motor fuel for cars and ships. However, the results of works published in scientific press show that the elaboration of fire safety issues is insufficient for wide practical use, therefore it seems necessary to carry out additional research.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>автомобильный транспорт</kwd><kwd>водный транспорт</kwd><kwd>заправочная станция</kwd><kwd>требования пожарной безопасности</kwd><kwd>нормативные документы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>automobile transport</kwd><kwd>water transport</kwd><kwd>refueling station</kwd><kwd>fire safety requirements</kwd><kwd>normative documents</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шебеко Ю.Н. Пожарная безопасность заправочной инфраструктуры транспорта на водородном топливе // Пожаровзрывобезопасность/Fire and Explosion Safety. 2024. № 33 (6). С. 56–66. DOI: 10.22227/0869-7493.2024.33.06.56-66. 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