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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">firesmi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пожаровзрывобезопасность/Fire and Explosion Safety</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7493</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6201</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/0869-7493.2024.33.03.22-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">firesmi-1378</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ, ЧИСЛЕННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ И КОМПЛЕКСЫ ПРОГРАММ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL MODELING, NUMERICAL METHODS AND PROGRAM COMPLEXES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Математическое моделирование воздействия фронта лесного пожара на ограждающие конструкции деревянного здания в сельском населенном пункте</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mathematical simulation of the impact of forest fire front on the enclosing structures of wooden building in rural settlement</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9202-8171</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барановский</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranovskiy</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>БАРАНОВСКИЙ Николай Викторович, канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент</p><p>634050, г. Томск, пр-т Ленина, 30</p><p>Scopus: 6505672018, ResearcherID: A-4224-2014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay V. BARANOVSKIY, Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Associate Professor</p><p>Lenin Av., 30, Tomsk, 634050</p><p>Scopus: 6505672018, ResearcherID: A-4224-2014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">firedanger@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1267-438X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галаутдинова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galautdinova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ГАЛАУТДИНОВА Софья Андреевна, ведущий инженер по учету энергоресурсов</p><p>634067, г. Томск, Кузовлевский тракт, 2, стр. 202</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofya A. GALAUTDINOVA, Leading Engineer</p><p>Kuzovlevskiy Tract, 2, Bldg. 202, Tomsk, 634067</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">myazina.sonya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3242-6543</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малинин</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malinin</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>МАЛИНИН Алексей Олегович, аспирант</p><p>634050, г. Томск, пр-т Ленина, 30</p><p>Scopus: 57218138726, ResearcherID: JVN-8309-2024</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey O. MALININ, Postgraduate Student</p><p>Lenin Av., 30, Tomsk, 634050</p><p>Scopus: 57218138726, ResearcherID: JVN-8309-2024</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">norrischakovich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-образовательный центр И.Н. Бутакова Инженерной школы энергетики Национального исследовательского Томского политехнического университета</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.N. Butakov Research Educational Center of School of Energy and Power Engineering of National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Томскнефтехим»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“Tomskneftekhim” Ltd</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-образовательный центр И.Н. Бутакова Инженерной школы энергетики Национального исследовательского&#13;
Томского политехнического университета</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.N. Butakov Research Educational Center of School of Energy and Power Engineering of National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Барановский Н.В., Галаутдинова С.А., Малинин А.О., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Барановский Н.В., Галаутдинова С.А., Малинин А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baranovskiy N.V., Galautdinova S.A., Malinin A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/1378">https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/1378</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Лесные пожары ведут к экономическому ущербу государству, например, к повреждению и уничтожению гражданских и промышленных зданий в сельской местности. Цель исследования — разработка физико-математической модели воздействия фронта лесного пожара на ограждающие конструкции здания. Задачи исследования: 1) формулировка физической и математической моделей; 2) программная реализация математической модели на языке программирования высокого уровня; 3) численное исследование процессов теплопереноса в ограждающих конструкциях здания.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Рассматриваются низовой лесной пожар низкой интенсивности, низовой лесной пожар высокой интенсивности, верховой лесной пожар, огненный шторм. Рассматривается элемент двухслойной ограждающей конструкции деревянного здания с оконным проемом. Рассматривается воздействие конвективного теплового потока. Процессы теплопереноса в ограждающих конструкциях здания описываются системой нестационарных уравнений теплопроводности с соответствующими начальными и граничными условиями. Двумерные уравнения теплопроводности решены локально-одномерным методом. Для численной реализации представленной математической модели использован метод конечных разностей. Разностные аналоги дифференциальных уравнений в частных производных решены методом прогонки.</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. Получены распределения температуры в структурно неоднородном элементе ограждающей конструкции здания. Анализ показывает, что температурные поля практически одинаковые для различных сезонов возникновения лесных пожаров. Заметная разница отмечается только вблизи контак­­та ограждающей конструкции с почвой. В целом более высокая температура наблюдается в верхней части ограж­дающей конструкции на границе с кровлей здания. Стекло в оконном проеме нагревается до достаточно высоких температур, что в реальной ситуации приведет к его разрушению в период воздействия фронта лесного пожара. Оконный проем является самой уязвимой для пламени зоной в ограждающей конструкции. Кроме того, в результате численного моделирования установлено, что максимальные градиенты температур возникают в облицовочном материале.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Предложены рекомендации по повышению пожарной безопасности зданий в сельской местности и применению предложенной физико-математической модели.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Forest fires lead to economic damage to the state, for example, damage and destruction of civil and in­dustrial buildings in rural areas. The purpose of the study is to develop physical and mathematical models of the forest fire front impact on the building enclosures. Research objectives: 1) formulation of physical and mathe­matical models; 2) software implementation of a mathematical model in a high-level programming language; 3) numerical study of heat transfer processes in building enclosures.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A low-intensity surface forest fire, a high-intensity surface forest fire, a crown forest fire, and a fire storm are considered. An element of a two-layer enclosing structure of a wooden building with a window opening is considered. The effect of convective heat flow is considered. Heat transfer processes in the building enclosures are described by a system of non-stationary heat conduction equations with the corresponding initial and boundary conditions. Two-­dimensional heat equations were solved using the locally one-dimensional method. For numerical implementation of the presented mathematical model, the finite difference method was used. Difference analogues of partial differential equations are solved by the marching method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Temperature distributions in a structurally inhomogeneous element of the building enclosures were obtained. The analysis shows that the temperature fields are almost the same for different seasons of forest fires. The noticeable difference is only near the contact of the enclosing structure with the soil. In general, higher temperatures are observed in the upper part of the building enclosures at the border with the roof of the building. The glass in the window opening is heated up to sufficiently high temperatures. This will lead to its destruction during the period of exposure to the forest fire front. The window opening is the most vulnerable area to flame in the building enclosures. In addition, as a result of numerical modelling, it was established that maximum temperature gradients occur in the cladding material.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Recommendations are proposed for improving the fire safety of buildings in rural areas and the application of the proposed physical and mathematical model were suggested.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>теплоперенос</kwd><kwd>конвективный тепловой поток</kwd><kwd>стена</kwd><kwd>облицовочный материал</kwd><kwd>программная реализация</kwd><kwd>пожарная безопасность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heat transfer</kwd><kwd>convective heat flux</kwd><kwd>wall</kwd><kwd>cladding material</kwd><kwd>software implementation</kwd><kwd>fire safety</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baranovskiy N.V., Kuznetsov G.V. 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