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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">firesmi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пожаровзрывобезопасность/Fire and Explosion Safety</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7493</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6201</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/0869-7493.2023.32.06.69-78</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">firesmi-1296</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ЗДАНИЙ, СООРУЖЕНИЙ, ОБЪЕКТОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SAFETY OF BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES, OBJECTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности разрушаемых элементов предохранительных конструкций, используемых для минимизации последствий взрывных аварий в помещениях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Destructible elements of safety structures used to minimize the consequences of explosive accidents in premises</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1383-574X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корольченко</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korolchenko</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>КОРОЛЬЧЕНКО Антон Дмитриевич, заведующий сектором испытаний научно-исследовательского центра «Взрыво­безопасность» Института комплексной безопасности в стро­­ительстве, преподаватель кафедры комплексной безопасности в строительстве, соискатель на уч. ст. канд. техн. наук</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, 26</p><p>РИНЦ ID: 890113; Scopus AuthorID: 57215919375; ResearcherID: E-3295-2017</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton D. KOROLCHENKO, Head of Testing Sector of Explosion Safety Research Center, Institute of Integrated Safety in Construction, Lecturer of Department of Integrated Safety in Construction</p><p>Yaroslavskoe Shosse, 26, Moscow, 129337</p><p>ID RISC: 890113; Scopus AuthorID: 57215919375; ResearcherID: E-3295-2017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Anton.Korolchenko@ikbs-mgsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9685-0880</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громов</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ГРОМОВ Николай Викторович, канд. техн. наук, заместитель директора Института комплексной безопасности в строительстве, старший преподаватель кафедры комплексной безопасности в строительстве</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, 26</p><p>РИНЦ ID: 550242; Scopus AuthorID: 57192376754; ResearcherID: AAO-5120-2021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay V. GROMOV, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Deputy Head of Institute of Integrated Safety in Construction, Senior Lecturer of Department of Integrated Safety in Construction</p><p>Yaroslavskoe Shosse, 26, Moscow, 129337</p><p>ID RISC: 550242; Scopus AuthorID: 57192376754; ResearcherID: AAO-5120-2021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">N.Gromov@ikbs-mgsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет (НИУ МГСУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Корольченко А.Д., Громов Н.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Корольченко А.Д., Громов Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Korolchenko A.D., Gromov N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/1296">https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/1296</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Актуальность настоящей публикации обусловлена тем, что при разработке конструктивных решений предохранительных запорных устройств (ПЗУ) проектировщики часто используют элементы и материалы, которые принципиально не применимы для этих целей. Проанализированы особенности предохранительных конструкций (ПК) и легкосбрасываемых конструкций (ЛСК), используемых в зданиях и помещениях, где возможен внутренний аварийный взрыв. Приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований по тестированию работоспособности реальных конструкций.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Определение возможности применения ПК и ЛСК на взрывоопасных объектах, а также ограничений на их крепежные элементы и используемые материалы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследования ЛСК, фиксируемых ПЗУ, проводились путем их испытаний на воздействие внутреннего аварийного взрыва и на сопротивление механической и ветровой нагрузкам (по ГОСТ 26602.5). Взрывные испытания проводились в кубической камере с использованием пропановоздушной смеси стехио­метрического состава. Взрывное давление фиксировалось датчиками избыточного давления. Видеосъемка процесса взрыва производилась скоростными камерами.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проанализированы особенности предохранительных конструкций, используемых для снижения давления, возникающего при внутренних аварийных взрывах. По результатам испытаний построены и проанализированы осциллограммы взрывного давления. Показано, что использование при тестировании ПК на работоспособность статических (ветровых или механических) нагрузок взамен взрывных может приводить к существенному искажению результатов тестирования. Экспериментально установлено, что тестирование образцов предохранительных конструкций на их работоспособность следует проводить только путем моделирования взрывной нагрузки.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Замена при испытании ПК взрывных нагрузок на статические может привести к их несрабатыванию при аварийном взрыве в реальных условиях, что может повлечь за собой обрушение строительных конструкций и человеческие жертвы. Таким образом, тестирование образцов предохранительных конструкций на их работоспособность следует проводить только путем моделирования взрывной нагрузки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The relevance of the present publication is caused by the fact that during the development of constructive decisions of safety locking devices (SLD) designers often use elements and materials, which are fundamentally not applicable for these purposes. The peculiarities of safety structures (SS) and light removable structures (LRS) used in buildings and premises where internal emergency explosion is possible are analyzed. The results of experimental studies on testing the performance of real structures are given. </p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Determination of the possibility of SS and LRS application at explosive objects, as well as restrictions on their fastening elements and used materials.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Studies of LRS fixed by SLD were carried out by means of their tests on the impact of internal emergency explosion and on resistance to mechanical and wind loads (according to GOST 26602.5). Explosion tests were carried out in a cubic chamber using a propane-air mixture of stoichiometric composition. Overpressure sensors recorded explosive pressure. Video recording of the explosion process was done by speed cameras.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The features of safety structures used to reduce the pressure generated by internal accidental explosions were analyzed. Explosive pressure oscillograms were constructed and analyzed based on the test results. It is shown that the use of static (wind or mechanical) loads instead of explosive loads in SS performance testing can lead to significant distortion of test results. It is experimentally established that testing of specimens of safety structures for their serviceability should be carried out only by modelling of explosive load.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Substitution of explosive loads for static loads during SS testing may lead to their failure in case of emergency explosion in real conditions, which may result in collapse of building structures and human casualties. Thus, testing of specimens of safety structures for their operability should be carried out only by modelling of explosive load.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аварийный взрыв</kwd><kwd>взрывные нагрузки</kwd><kwd>легкосбрасываемые конструкции</kwd><kwd>предохранительные запорные устройства</kwd><kwd>взрывозащита</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>emergency explosion</kwd><kwd>explosive loads</kwd><kwd>light removable structures</kwd><kwd>safety locking devices</kwd><kwd>explosion protection</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы статьи выражают благодарность руководителю научно-исследовательского центра «Взрыво­безопасность» ИКБС НИУ МГСУ Александру Андреевичу Комарову за помощь при проведении анализа результатов экспериментов.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors of the article express their gratitude to the head of the Research Centre “Explosion Safety” of the Institute of Integrated Safety in Construction of the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (NRU MGSU) Komarov Alexander Andreevich for the help in the analysis of the experimental results.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пилюгин Л.П. 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