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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">firesmi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пожаровзрывобезопасность/Fire and Explosion Safety</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-7493</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-6201</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/0869-7493.2023.32.02.9-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">firesmi-1219</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ, ЧИСЛЕННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ И КОМПЛЕКСЫ ПРОГРАММ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL MODELING, NUMERICAL METHODS AND PROGRAM COMPLEXES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Математическое моделирование натекания водорода в гермзоне реакторного здания АЭС с ВВЭР-1200</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mathematical modelling of hydrogen leakage in containment area of NPP reactor building with VVER-1200</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7234-1339</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пузач</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Puzach</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р техн. наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, начальник кафедры инженерной теплофизики и гидравлики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Honoured Scientist of the Russian Federation, Head of Thermal Physics and Hydraulic Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">puzachsv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5375-2167</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедченко</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedchenko</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. юр. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры инженерной теплофизики и гидравлики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Legal), Docent, Assistant Professor of Thermal Physics and Hydraulic Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ol-26@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Академия Государственной противопожарной службы Министерства Российской Федера­ции по делам гражданской обороны, чрезвычайным ситуациям и ликвидации последствий стихийных бедствий</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The State Fire Academy of the Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination on Consequences of Natural Disasters</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Академия Государственной противопожарной службы Министерства Российской Федерации по делам гражданской обороны, чрезвычайным ситуациям и ликвидации последствий стихийных бедствий</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The State Fire Academy of the Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination on Consequences of Natural Disasters</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пузач С.В., Лебедченко О.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пузач С.В., Лебедченко О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Puzach S.V., Lebedchenko O.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/1219">https://www.fire-smi.ru/jour/article/view/1219</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Закономерности образования водородно-воздушных смесей при натекании водорода в верхнюю часть помещения большого объема в начальные моменты времени недостаточно изучены. Поэтому определение закономерностей образования локальных влозрыво- и пожароопасных водородно-воздушных смесей при натекании водорода в нижнюю часть подкупольного пространства реакторного здания является актуальным.</p></sec><sec><title>Цели и задачи</title><p>Цели и задачи. Целью статьи является теоретическое исследование возникновения локальных пожаро- и взрывоопасных зон водородно-воздушной смеси, образующейся при натекании водорода в гермзоне реакторного здания, для обоснования параметров концентрационных датчиков системы контроля концент­рации водорода. Для ее достижения разработана зонная математическая модель расчета концентраций водорода в помещении. Проведены численные эксперименты по определению закономерностей образования водородно-воздушных смесей.</p></sec><sec><title>Теоретические основы</title><p>Теоретические основы. Обобщенное трехмерное нестационарное дифференциальное уравнение законов сохранения массы, импульса и энергии используется для расчета локальных концентрационных полей водорода. Разработанная зонная модель позволяет определить концентрации водорода в конвективной колонке и в припотолочном слое.</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. Получены характерные поля массовых концентраций водорода в объеме под­купольного пространства. Показано, что на начальной стадии натекания водорода под перекрытием купольного пространства образуется зона припотолочного слоя, что подтверждает обоснованность применения зонной модели. Выполнено сравнение концентраций водорода, полученных по полевой и зонной моделям. Получены распределения массовых концентраций водорода по высоте конвективной колонки при различных числах Рейнольдса в отверстии натекания водорода. Показано, что концентрационные датчики водорода могут диагностировать аварийный режим натекания водорода в подкупольное пространство только в узкой области чисел Рейнольдса Re = 900–5000. Существует режим натекания (Re = 3358), при котором образуется максимальная объемная концентрация водорода в месте расположения концентрационных датчиков при максимальных размерах пожаро- и взрывоопасных зон водородно-воздушной смеси в помещении.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Используемые датчики концентрации водорода в подкупольном пространстве реакторного здания АЭС с водно-водяными реакторами могут не обнаружить водород в верхней точке купола при пороге чувст­вительности в 2 % об. При этом по высоте конвективной колонки образуются водородно-воздушные смеси, находящиеся в пожаро- и взрывоопасных концентрационных пределах.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The patterns of hydrogen-air mixtures formation during the flow of hydrogen into the upper part of a large volume room in the initial moments of time are insufficiently studied. Therefore, the determination of regularities of formation of local explosive and fire-hazardous hydrogen-air mixtures when hydrogen flows into the lower part of the dome space of the reactor building is important.</p></sec><sec><title>Goals and objectives</title><p>Goals and objectives. The purpose of the article is a theoretical study of occurrence of local fire and explosive zones of the hydrogen-air mixture generated during hydrogen leakage in the containment area of the reactor building in order to substantiate parameters of concentration sensors of the hydrogen concentration control system.To achieve it, a zone mathematical model of hydrogen concentration calculation in a pressurized room has been developed. Numerical experiments on regularities of hydrogen-air mixtures formation have been carried out.</p></sec><sec><title>Theoretical basis</title><p>Theoretical basis. The generalized three-dimensional non-stationary differential equation of the laws of conservation of mass, momentum and energy is used to calculate local hydrogen concentration fields. The developed zone model makes it possible to determine hydrogen concentrations in the convective column and in the ceiling layer.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The characteristic fields of hydrogen mass concentrations in the volume of the dome space are obtained. It has been shown that at the initial stage of hydrogen leakage, a zone of the ceiling layer is formed under the ceiling of the dome space, which confirms the validity of the usage of the zone model. The hydrogen concentrations obtained by the field and zone models are compared. The distributions of hydrogen mass concentration along the convective column height at different Reynolds numbers in the hydrogen leakage hole have been obtained. It has been shown that hydrogen concentration sensors can detect a hydrogen leakage mode in the dome space only in a narrow area of Reynolds Re = 900–5,000. There is a leakage mode (Re = 3,358), in which the maximum hydrogen volume concentration is generated at the location of the concentration sensors at the maximum size of the fire and explosive hydrogen-air mixture zones in the room.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The hydrogen concentration sensors used in the dome space of the NPP reactor building with water-­water reactors may not detect hydrogen at the top point of the dome at a sensitivity threshold of 2 % vol. In this case, in terms of the height of the convective column, hydrogen-air mixtures are formed within the fire and explosive concentration limits.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>водородная безопасность</kwd><kwd>водородно-воздушная смесь</kwd><kwd>конвективная колонка</kwd><kwd>зонная математическая модель</kwd><kwd>трехмерная математическая модель</kwd><kwd>система контроля и удаления водорода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hydrogen safety</kwd><kwd>hydrogen-air mixture</kwd><kwd>convective column</kwd><kwd>zone mathematical model</kwd><kwd>three-dimensional mathematical model</kwd><kwd>hydrogen control and removal system</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кириллов И.А., Харитонова Н.Л., Шарафутдинов Р.Б., Хренников Н.Н. 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